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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Psychology. General >Distractor Intrusions Are the Result of Delayed Attentional Engagement: A New Temporal Variability Account of Attentional Selectivity in Dynamic Visual Tasks
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Distractor Intrusions Are the Result of Delayed Attentional Engagement: A New Temporal Variability Account of Attentional Selectivity in Dynamic Visual Tasks

机译：陷入困境的入侵是延迟注意力参与的结果：动态视觉任务中注意力选择性的新的时间变化账户

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摘要

When observers must identify targets among distractors in a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream, distractor intrusion errors are frequent, demonstrating the difficulty of allocating attention to the right object at the right moment in time. However, the mechanisms responsible for such intrusion errors remain disputed. We propose a new attentional engagement account of selective visual processing in RSVP tasks. Engagement is triggered by the preattentive detection of target-defining features. Critically, the success versus failure of target identification is determined by the speed of such engagement processes on individual trials. To test this account, we measured electrophysiological markers of attentional engagement (N2pc components) in 3 experiments where observers had to report the identity of a target digit in 1 of 2 lateral RSVP streams. On most trials, the target was immediately followed by a digit distractor, resulting in many posttarget distractor intrusions. Critically, N2pcs components measured on distractor intrusion trials were significantly delayed relative to trials with correct target reports. This was the case regardless of whether the target was defined by a shape cue or by its color and even when the location of shape-defined targets was known in advance. These findings show that distractor intrusions are the result of delayed attentional engagement. They demonstrate that temporal variability in attentional selectivity across trials can strongly affect visual awareness and perceptual reports. Our temporal variability account of attentional engagement offers a new framework for assessing the temporal dynamics of attention in visual object recognition.
机译：当观察者必须在快速串行视觉呈现（RSVP）流中识别干扰源中的目标时，干扰源入侵错误很常见，这表明在正确的时间将注意力分配到正确的对象上很困难。然而，造成这种入侵错误的机制仍然存在争议。我们提出了RSVP任务中选择性视觉加工的一个新的注意投入账户。交战由对目标定义特征的预先注意检测触发。关键的是，目标识别的成功与失败取决于个体试验中这种参与过程的速度。为了验证这一说法，我们在3个实验中测量了注意投入的电生理标记（N2pc成分），观察者必须报告2个侧RSVP流中1个的目标手指的身份。在大多数试验中，目标被一个数字分心器紧随其后，导致许多目标后分心器侵入。关键的是，相对于有正确目标报告的试验，在干扰物侵入试验中测量的N2pcs成分明显延迟。无论目标是由形状线索定义还是由其颜色定义，甚至当形状定义的目标的位置事先已知时，情况都是如此。这些发现表明，分心干扰是注意力投入延迟的结果。他们证明，在不同的试验中，注意力选择性的时间变化会强烈影响视觉意识和感知报告。我们对注意力投入的时间变异性描述为评估视觉对象识别中注意力的时间动态提供了一个新的框架。

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