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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition >Predicting and Priming Thematic Roles: Flexible Use of Verbal and Nonverbal Cues During Relative Clause Comprehension
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Predicting and Priming Thematic Roles: Flexible Use of Verbal and Nonverbal Cues During Relative Clause Comprehension

机译：预测和启动主题角色：灵活使用言语和非语言提示在相对条款理解期间

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摘要

Relative-clause sentences (RCs) have been a key test case for psycholinguistic models of comprehension. While object-relative clauses (e.g., ORCs: "The bear that the horse...") are distinguished from subject-relative clauses (SRCs) after the second noun phrase (NP2; e.g., SRCs: " The bear that pushed..."), role assignments are often delayed until the embedded verb (e.g., "... pushed ate the sandwich"). This contrasts with overwhelming evidence of incremental role assignment in other garden-path sentences. The current study investigates how contextual factors modulate reliance on verbal and nonverbal cues. Using a visual-world paradigm, participants saw preceding discourse contexts that highlighted relevant roles within events (e.g., pusher, pushee). Nevertheless, role assignment for ORCs remained delayed until the embedded verb (Experiment 1). However, role assignment for ORCs occurred before the embedded verb when additional linguistic input was provided by an adverb (Experiment 2). Finally, when the likelihood of encountering RCs increased within the experimental context, role immediate assignment for ORCs was observed after NP2 (Experiment 3). Together, these findings suggest that real-time role assignment often prefers verbal cues, but can also flexibly adapt to the statistical properties of the local context.
机译：关系从句（RCs）一直是心理语言学理解模型的一个关键测试案例。而宾语关系从句（如兽人：“熊即马……”）与第二个名词短语（NP2；例如，SRC:“推……的熊”）后的主语关系从句（SRC）不同，角色分配通常会延迟到嵌入的动词（例如，“……吃三明治”）。这与其他花园小径句子中大量增加角色分配的证据形成对比。目前的研究调查了语境因素如何调节对言语和非言语线索的依赖。使用视觉世界范式，参与者看到了前面的话语语境，这些语境强调了事件中的相关角色（例如，推动者、被推动者）。尽管如此，ORC的角色分配仍然延迟到嵌入动词（实验1）。然而，当副词提供额外的语言输入时，ORC的角色分配发生在嵌入动词之前（实验2）。最后，当在实验环境中遇到RCs的可能性增加时，在NP2之后观察到ORC的角色立即分配（实验3）。总之，这些发现表明，实时角色分配通常更倾向于口头提示，但也可以灵活地适应当地环境的统计特性。

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