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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry >Processing of agricultural apple fruit waste into sugar rich feedstocks for the catalytic production of 5-HMF over a Sn Amberlyst-15 resin catalyst
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Processing of agricultural apple fruit waste into sugar rich feedstocks for the catalytic production of 5-HMF over a Sn Amberlyst-15 resin catalyst

机译：将农用苹果果实加工成富含富含原料的糖类生产5-HMF，在SN Amberlyst-15树脂催化剂上

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In this study we considered processes of treatment of agricultural apple waste which is normally discarded. We show the effect of various pre-treatment procedures on the final catalytic performance to produce 5-HMF from this real world biomass waste. Our study of the various potential pre-treatment steps, and their effect on the catalytic performance, provides valuable new insights which can be used for the development of new processes for the localised small scale valorization of agricultural fruit waste. The apple waste is aimed to be converted into a sugar rich feedstock stream for the catalytic conversion to 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) at low temperatures (similar to 120 degrees C). Filters with varying pore sizes were studied for the filtration of apple pomace after milling the rotten apples in order to reduce the solids content. The tested filters varied in pore sizes of 0.2 mu m, 2 mu m and 54 mu m. The effect of heating, acid or base treatment of the apple slurry was evaluated for increasing the speed of filtration. The highest flow rate was obtained for the filter with 54 mu m pores. The sugar rich filtrates were investigated in the catalytic conversion to 5-HMF over an easy-to-manufacture Sn exchanged resin (Amberlyst-15) catalyst. Results showed that filtrates obtained over a 2 mu m filter lead to the highest 5-HMF yields (18 %) without extra additives. Adjustment of the reaction mixtures to pH 7 resulted in a lower catalytic activity. 5-HMF is proposed to be extracted from the aqueous layer by using an organic liquid layer (methyl isobutyl ketone, MIBK). In order to increase the diffusion of 5-HMF to the MIBK layer the addition of salts to the reaction mixture was investigated. This leads to lower catalytic activity, possibly due to catalyst deactivation. Our results showed that a relatively wide pore filter (54 mu m) provides the fastest apple processing method and a filtrate reacting to the highest 5-HMF yield in catalytic conversion of the sugar rich product stream obtained from agricultural waste apples. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry.
机译：在这项研究中，我们考虑了通常被丢弃的农业苹果废弃物的处理过程。我们展示了各种预处理程序对最终催化性能的影响，以从现实世界的生物质废物中生产5-HMF。我们对各种潜在的预处理步骤及其对催化性能的影响的研究提供了有价值的新见解，可用于开发农业水果废弃物局部小规模价值化的新工艺。苹果废料旨在转化为富含糖的原料流，以便在低温（类似于120摄氏度）下催化转化为5-羟甲基糠醛（5-HMF）。为了降低苹果渣中的固体含量，研究了不同孔径的过滤器对苹果渣进行过滤。被测过滤器的孔径分别为0.2μm、2μm和54μm。为了提高过滤速度，评估了加热、酸或碱处理苹果浆的效果。对于孔径为54μm的过滤器，流速最高。在易于制造的锡交换树脂（Amberlyst-15）催化剂上，对富糖滤液进行了催化转化为5-HMF的研究。结果表明，在不添加额外添加剂的情况下，通过2μm过滤器获得的滤液可获得最高的5-HMF产率（18%）。将反应混合物调节至pH 7会导致催化活性降低。建议使用有机液体层（甲基异丁基酮，MIBK）从水层中提取5-HMF。为了增加5-HMF向MIBK层的扩散，研究了向反应混合物中添加盐。这可能是由于催化剂失活导致催化活性降低。我们的研究结果表明，相对较宽的孔径过滤器（54μm）提供了最快的苹果加工方法，并且在催化转化从农业废苹果中获得的富含糖的产品流时，滤液的5-HMF产率最高。（c）2021作者。由爱思唯尔B.V.代表韩国工业和工程化学学会出版。

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