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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of neuro-ophthalmology: Official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society >Neuro-Ophthalmic Features of Autoimmune Encephalitides
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Neuro-Ophthalmic Features of Autoimmune Encephalitides

机译：自身免疫性脑依赖的神经眼性特征

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Background: Over the past decade, there has been a remarkable advancement in the understanding of autoimmune etiologies of encephalitis. The first identified generation of paraneoplastic encephalitis tends to occur in older populations, responds poorly to immunotherapy, and is mediated by T-cell damage with antibodies directed toward intracellular antigens. A new generation of autoimmune encephalitides has been described, which are mediated by antibodies to cell-surface proteins, tend to occur in younger individuals, are less frequently associated with malignancy, and often respond better to treatment compared to their intracellular antigen-related paraneoplastic counterparts. This review will focus on several specific antibody-mediated autoimmune encephalitides with neuro-ophthalmic pertinence. Evidence Acquisition: Literature review and personal clinical experience. Results: Several of the antibody-mediated encephalitides, specifically N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, dipeptidyl-peptidase-like protein 6, glial fibrillary acidic protein, metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1), gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), collapsing response mediator protein 5 (CRMP5), and kelch-like protein 11 (KLHL11), contain features of neuro-ophthalmic interest. Conclusions: The novel cell-surface protein-directed autoimmune encephalitis group can present with a wide range of afferent and efferent neuro-ophthalmic manifestations. Neuro-ophthalmologists should be familiar with these antibody-associated syndromes, which are treatable and often require a high index of suspicion for diagnosis.
机译：背景：在过去的十年里，对脑炎自身免疫病因的理解有了显著的进展。第一代副肿瘤性脑炎往往发生在老年人群中，对免疫治疗反应不佳，并由T细胞损伤和针对细胞内抗原的抗体介导。已经描述了新一代自身免疫性脑炎，其由针对细胞表面蛋白的抗体介导，倾向于发生在年轻个体中，与恶性肿瘤相关的频率较低，并且与细胞内抗原相关的副肿瘤对应物相比，通常对治疗的反应更好。本文将重点介绍几种具有神经-眼相关性的特异性抗体介导的自身免疫性脑炎。证据获取：文献回顾和个人临床经验。结果：几种抗体介导的脑炎，特别是N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体、二肽基肽酶样蛋白6、胶质纤维酸性蛋白、代谢型谷氨酸受体1（mGluR1）、γ-氨基丁酸受体、谷氨酸脱羧酶65（GAD65）、塌陷反应介导蛋白5（CRMP5）和海带样蛋白11（KLHL11），包含对神经和眼科感兴趣的特征。结论：新型细胞表面蛋白导向的自身免疫性脑炎组可出现广泛的传入和传出神经眼表现。神经眼科医生应该熟悉这些抗体相关综合征，这些综合征是可以治疗的，通常需要高度怀疑才能诊断。

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