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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of neuroendocrinology >Morphological plasticity of the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurones in the rat during the oestrous cycle and lactation
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Morphological plasticity of the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurones in the rat during the oestrous cycle and lactation

机译：令人垂循环和泌乳期间大鼠肺粉丰收多巴胺能神经元的形态塑性

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The hypothalamic tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic (TIDA) neurones are critical with respect to regulating prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary. Under most physiological conditions, they are stimulated by prolactin to release dopamine into the median eminence which subsequently suppresses further prolactin secretion from the lactotrophs. During lactation, the TIDA neurones are known to undergo both electrophysiological and neurochemical changes that alleviate this negativefeedback, thus allowing circulating prolactin levels to rise. The present study aimed to determine whether TIDA neurone morphology, most notably spine density, is also modified during lactation. This was achieved by stereotaxically injecting the arcuate nucleus of female, tyrosine hydroxylase-promoter driven Cre-recombinase transgenic rats with Cre-dependent adeno-associated virus-expressing Brainbow. This resulted in the highly specifici transfection of between 10% and 30% of the TIDA neurones, thus allowing the morphologies on multiple individual neurones to be examined in a single hypothalamic slice. The transfected neurones exhibited a range of complex forms, including a diversity of soma and location of axonal origin. Neuronal spine counting showed that the density of somatic, but not dendritic, spines was significantly higher during lactation than at any other reproductive stage. There was also a significant fall in somatic spine density across the oestrous cycle from dioestrus to oestrus. Although the functional characteristics of the additional somatic spines have not been determined, if, as might be expected, they represent an increased excitatory input to the TIDA neurones, this could have important physiological implications by perhaps supporting altered neurotransmitter release at their neuroendocrine terminals. Enhanced excitatory input may, for example, favour the release of the opioid peptide enkephalin rather than dopamine, which is potentially significant because the expression of the peptide is known to increase in the TIDA neurones during lactation and, in contrast to dopamine, it stimulates rather than inhibits prolactin secretion from the pituitary.
机译：下丘脑结节-漏斗多巴胺能神经元（TIDA）在调节垂体前叶泌乳素分泌方面至关重要。在大多数生理条件下，它们受到催乳素的刺激，将多巴胺释放到正中隆起，从而抑制催乳素从乳养细胞进一步分泌。在哺乳期，已知TIDA神经元会经历电生理和神经化学变化，从而缓解这种负反馈，从而使循环中的催乳素水平升高。本研究旨在确定TIDA神经元的形态，尤其是脊柱密度，是否在哺乳期也发生了改变。这是通过立体定向注射酪氨酸羟化酶启动子驱动的Cre重组酶转基因雌性大鼠的弓状核来实现的，该鼠具有表达Cre依赖性腺相关病毒的脑弓。这导致了10%到30%的TIDA神经元的高度特异性转染，从而允许在单个下丘脑切片中检查多个单个神经元的形态。转染的神经元表现出一系列复杂的形式，包括胞体的多样性和轴突起源的位置。神经元棘计数显示，哺乳期的体细胞棘（而非树突）密度显著高于任何其他生殖阶段。在从动情期到发情期的整个发情周期中，体棘密度也显著下降。虽然额外躯体棘的功能特征尚未确定，但如果如预期的那样，它们代表了TIDA神经元兴奋性输入的增加，这可能会通过支持神经内分泌终末改变的神经递质释放而具有重要的生理意义。例如，增强的兴奋性输入可能有利于阿片肽脑啡肽而非多巴胺的释放，这可能具有重要意义，因为已知肽的表达在哺乳期TIDA神经元中增加，与多巴胺相比，它刺激而不是抑制垂体泌乳素的分泌。

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