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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of pest science >Entomopathogenic fungal endophyte-mediated tritrophic interactions between Spodoptera littoralis and its parasitoid Hyposoter didymator
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Entomopathogenic fungal endophyte-mediated tritrophic interactions between Spodoptera littoralis and its parasitoid Hyposoter didymator

机译：昆虫致病性真菌内体介导的Spodoptera Littoralis与其寄生虫低溶胶孕孕孕妇的胎选相互作用

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摘要

The use of entomopathogenic fungi for pest control is gaining increasing attention. These fungi act as contact biological insecticides but also via endophytic colonization of targeted crops. In addition, the joint use of entomopathogenic fungi and natural enemies hold potential in many pest control programs. Here, we evaluated in vitro and in planta multitrophic interactions among the endophytic fungus Metarhizium brunneum colonizing melon (Cucumis melo) plant, the parasitoid Hyposoter didymator and the pest Spodoptera littoralis. In all experiments, total mortality of S. littoralis larvae was significantly affected by the presence of the parasitoid; the treatments including the parasitoid achieved the highest mortality rates both in vitro and in planta. Simultaneous exposure to the fungus and the parasitoid did not significantly increase the total mortality of S. littoralis larvae than the parasitoid alone. The time between exposure to fungus and parasitoid attack did not affect S. littoralis mortality, nor parasitism (parasitoid) or infection rates (fungus). However, the parasitoid showed a significant preference for larvae fed on control plants (24.4% parasitism) compared with larvae fed on fungus-colonized plants (4.4%). A histological study of S. littoralis larvae simultaneously attacked by H. didymator and M. brunneum showed, for the first time, the coexistence of both agents within the same host; parasitoid larvae developed inside the host despite fungal colonization. This provides key information about intra-host interactions between two important biological control agents when used together for S. littoralis control.
机译：昆虫病原真菌在害虫防治中的应用越来越受到重视。这些真菌可以作为接触性生物杀虫剂，但也可以通过目标作物的内生定殖发挥作用。此外，昆虫病原真菌和天敌的联合使用在许多害虫控制项目中具有潜力。在这里，我们评估了内生真菌绿僵菌（Metarhizium brunneum）定植甜瓜（Cucumis melo）植株、寄生蜂Hyposoter didymator和害虫斜纹夜蛾（Spodoptera littoralis）之间的体外和植物内多营养相互作用。在所有实验中，海金沙子幼虫的总死亡率显著受寄生蜂的影响；包括寄生蜂在内的处理在体外和足底都达到了最高的死亡率。与单独使用寄生蜂相比，同时接触真菌和寄生蜂不会显著增加滨海链球菌幼虫的总死亡率。暴露于真菌和寄生蜂攻击之间的时间不影响滨海链球菌的死亡率，也不影响寄生（寄生蜂）或感染率（真菌）。然而，与取食真菌定殖植物（4.4%）的幼虫相比，寄生蜂对取食对照植物（24.4%寄生）的幼虫表现出明显的偏好。对同时受到H.didymator和M.brunneum攻击的滨海链球菌幼虫的组织学研究首次表明，这两种病原体在同一宿主内共存；尽管存在真菌定植，但寄生蜂幼虫仍在宿主体内发育。这提供了两种重要的生物防治剂在一起用于控制滨海链球菌时，宿主内相互作用的关键信息。

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