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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parasitology >PARASITISM IN GAMBUSIA AFFINIS: FITNESS EFFECTS IN AN INCIPIENT MATROTROPH
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PARASITISM IN GAMBUSIA AFFINIS: FITNESS EFFECTS IN AN INCIPIENT MATROTROPH

机译：犬甘乌西亚的寄生派对：初生术中的健身效应

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Gambusia affinis (western mosquitofish) serves as a host for a variety of larval and adult parasites. Gambusia affinis is also an incipient matrotroph, exhibiting adjustments in post-fertilization provisioning to some offspring within a brood using recently acquired resources. Nutrient transfer to embryos is expected to limit the loss of embryo mass during development resulting in larger offspring. Since larger offspring are more likely to survive, maternal contributions are expected to increase fitness. The presence of parasites, particularly intestinal helminths, potentially reduces body condition and resources available for developing offspring, thereby reducing host fitness. The effects of parasitism on the fitness of G. affinis were investigated in the present study. Fish were collected from 3 sites monthly from June 2015 through August 2016. All helminth parasites were collected during necropsy and identified. Brood size and embryo developmental stage were recorded for each female fish. Additionally, 10 ova/embryos of each developmental stage from each female fish collected from May through August 2016 were haphazardly selected and individually weighed. From 429 female mosquitofish, 5,072 helminths were collected. Brood size varied among collection sites and was positively influenced by maternal body condition, the number of daylight hours, water temperature, and the intensity of both plerocercoid and adult Schyzocotyle acheilognathi. However, brood size was negatively related to the intensity of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus cystacanth and an increasing number of days between collection and dissection. Embryo weight increased with the presence of either Camallanidae or Contracaecum multipapulatum, embryo developmental stage, and relative host density. These results indicate that some parasitic helminth species negatively affect the fitness of G. affinis, while some positively affect fitness, and that effect can vary with intensity.
机译：食蚊鱼是多种幼虫和成虫的宿主。嗜食甘草也是一种早期的拟营养体，利用最近获得的资源，在受精后为一窝中的一些后代提供营养方面表现出调整。将营养物质转移到胚胎中有望限制发育过程中胚胎质量的损失，从而产生更大的后代。由于较大的后代存活的可能性更大，母体的贡献有望增加健康。寄生虫，尤其是肠道蠕虫的存在，可能会降低身体状况和后代发育所需的资源，从而降低宿主适应性。本研究探讨了寄生对嗜食线虫适应度的影响。从2015年6月到2016年8月，每月从3个地点收集鱼类。尸检期间收集并鉴定了所有寄生虫。记录每只雌鱼的窝大小和胚胎发育阶段。此外，从2016年5月至8月收集的每种雌性鱼类的每个发育阶段随机选择10个卵子/胚胎，并分别称重。从429只雌蚊鱼中收集到5072只蠕虫。不同采集地点的卵大小不同，并且受母体身体状况、日照时数、水温以及多形性斜纹夜蛾和成虫斜纹夜蛾的强度的积极影响。然而，卵的大小与新棘突线虫囊棘的强度以及收集和解剖之间的天数呈负相关。胚胎重量随着多袋盲囊或对盲肠的存在、胚胎发育阶段和相对寄主密度的增加而增加。这些结果表明，一些寄生蠕虫物种会对仿射革兰的适应度产生负面影响，而一些寄生蠕虫物种则会对适应度产生正面影响，并且这种影响会随着强度的不同而变化。

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