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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parasitology >THE ROAD NOT TAKEN: HOST INFECTION STATUS INFLUENCES PARASITE HOST-CHOICE
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THE ROAD NOT TAKEN: HOST INFECTION STATUS INFLUENCES PARASITE HOST-CHOICE

机译：未采取的道路：宿主感染状态影响寄生虫宿主选择

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摘要

The manipulation of host organisms by their parasites has captured the attention of ecologists, parasitologists, and the public. However, our knowledge of parasite behavior independent of a host is limited despite the far-reaching implications of parasite behavior. Parasite behaviors can help explain trematode community structure, the aggregation of parasites within host populations, and can potentially be harnessed in biocontrol measures. In this study, we used a simple choice chamber design to examine whether trematode parasites can detect the infection status of a potential host and avoid hosts infected with a competitively dominant species. Our results show that Schistosoma mansoni, a competitively subordinate species, can detect and avoid hosts infected with a competitively dominant parasite, Echinostoma caproni. However, E. caproni, despite showing a significant preference for snails infected with S. mansoni over uninfected snails, showed little ability to detect the infection status of the host or even the host's presence. We propose subordinate species may be under stronger selection to avoid dominant competitors whereas dominant competitors may be more strongly selected to find any suitable host, regardless of infection status. Previous research has focused on parasites distinguishing between 'host' and 'non-host', which does not fully capture the complexity of these interactions. However, the ability of subordinate parasites to determine the infection status of a host results in a consistent evolutionary advantage.
机译：寄生虫对宿主的操纵引起了生态学家、寄生虫学家和公众的注意。然而，尽管寄生虫行为具有深远的影响，但我们对独立于宿主的寄生虫行为的了解是有限的。寄生虫的行为有助于解释吸虫群落结构，即寄生虫在宿主群体中的聚集，并有可能在生物防治措施中加以利用。在这项研究中，我们使用了一种简单的选择室设计来检验吸虫寄生虫是否能够检测潜在宿主的感染状态，并避免宿主感染竞争优势物种。我们的研究结果表明，曼氏血吸虫是一种竞争性的从属物种，可以检测并避免感染竞争性优势寄生虫棘口绦虫的宿主。然而，尽管卡普罗尼埃希菌对感染曼氏沙门氏菌的蜗牛比未感染的蜗牛表现出明显的偏好，但它几乎无法检测宿主的感染状态，甚至无法检测宿主的存在。我们建议，无论感染状况如何，次级物种可能会受到更强的选择，以避免优势竞争对手，而优势竞争对手可能会受到更强的选择，以找到任何合适的宿主。以前的研究集中在区分“宿主”和“非宿主”的寄生虫上，这并不能完全捕捉这些相互作用的复杂性。然而，次级寄生虫决定宿主感染状态的能力导致了持续的进化优势。

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