...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS >Fifty Years of Prefrontal Cortex Research: Impact on Assessment
【24h】

Fifty Years of Prefrontal Cortex Research: Impact on Assessment

机译：五十年的前额外皮质研究：对评估的影响

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Our knowledge of the functions of the prefrontal cortex, often called executive, supervisory, or control, has been transformed over the past 50 years. After operationally defining terms for clarification, we review the impact of advances in functional, structural, and theoretical levels of understanding upon neuropsychological assessment practice as a means of identifying 11 principles/challenges relating to assessment of executive function. Three of these were already known 50 years ago, and 8 have been confirmed or emerged since. Key themes over this period have been the emergence of the use of naturalistic tests to address issues of “ecological validity”; discovery of the complexity of the frontal lobe control system; invention of new tests for clinical use; development of key theoretical frameworks that address the issue of the role of prefrontal cortex systems in the organization of human cognition; the move toward considering brain systems rather than brain regions; the advent of functional neuroimaging, and its emerging integration into clinical practice. Despite these huge advances, however, practicing neuropsychologists are still desperately in need of new ways of measuring executive function. We discuss pathways by which this might happen, including decoupling the two levels of explanation (information processing; brain structure) and integrating very recent technological advances into the neuropsychologist’s toolbox. (JINS, 2017, 23, 755–767)
机译：在过去50年里，我们对前额叶皮层（通常被称为执行、监督或控制）功能的认识发生了变化。在操作性地定义了澄清术语后，我们回顾了功能、结构和理论理解水平的进步对神经心理学评估实践的影响，以此确定与执行功能评估相关的11项原则/挑战。其中三个在50年前就已为人所知，其中8个已被确认或自那以后出现。这一时期的关键主题是出现了使用自然主义测试来解决“生态有效性”问题；发现额叶控制系统的复杂性；发明新的临床试验；开发关键理论框架，解决前额叶皮层系统在人类认知组织中的作用问题；转向考虑大脑系统而不是大脑区域；功能性神经影像学的出现及其与临床实践的融合。然而，尽管取得了这些巨大的进步，执业神经心理学家仍然迫切需要测量执行功能的新方法。我们讨论可能发生这种情况的途径，包括将两个层次的解释（信息处理；大脑结构）分离，以及将最新的技术进步整合到神经心理学家的工具箱中。（JINS，2017，23755-767）

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号