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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Part B. Critical reviews >Ethylene oxide review: characterization of total exposure via endogenous and exogenous pathways and their implications to risk assessment and risk management
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Ethylene oxide review: characterization of total exposure via endogenous and exogenous pathways and their implications to risk assessment and risk management

机译：环氧乙烷综述：通过内源性和外源途径的总曝光表征及其对风险评估和风险管理的影响

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摘要

This review is intended to provide risk assessors and risk managers with a better understanding of issues associated with total exposures of human populations to ethylene oxide from endogenous and exogenous pathways. Biomonitoring of human populations and lab animals exposed to ethylene oxide has relied upon the detection of hemoglobin adducts such as 2-hydroxyethylvaline (HEV), which provides a useful measure of total exposure to ethylene oxide from all pathways. Recent biomonitoring data from CDC provide an excellent characterization of total exposure to ethylene oxide to the general U.S. population by demographic factors such as age, gender, and race as well as smoking habit, which might be comparable to previous measurements reported for humans and lab animals. The biochemical pathways including gastrointestinal (production by bacteria) and systemic (enzymatic production) pathways by which endogenous ethylene is generated and converted to ethylene oxide are described. The relative importance of endogenous pathways and exogenous pathways via ambient air or tobacco smoke was quantified based upon available data to characterize their relative importance to total exposure. Considerable variation was noted for HEV measurements in human populations, and important sources of variation for all pathways are discussed. Issues related to risk assessment and risk management of human populations exposed to ethylene oxide are provided within the context of characterizing total exposure, and data needs for supporting future risk assessment identified.
机译：本综述旨在让风险评估师和风险管理人员更好地了解与人类群体从内源性和外源性途径接触环氧乙烷总量相关的问题。对暴露于环氧乙烷的人群和实验动物的生物监测依赖于血红蛋白加合物的检测，例如2-羟乙基缬氨酸（HEV），它提供了一个有用的测量所有途径的环氧乙烷总暴露量的方法。CDC最近的生物监测数据通过人口统计学因素（如年龄、性别、种族以及吸烟习惯）提供了美国普通人群对环氧乙烷总暴露量的极好表征，这可能与之前报告的人类和实验室动物的测量结果相当。描述了内源性乙烯生成和转化为环氧乙烷的生化途径，包括胃肠道（细菌产生）和全身（酶产生）途径。根据现有数据，对通过环境空气或烟草烟雾的内源性途径和外源性途径的相对重要性进行了量化，以表征它们对总暴露的相对重要性。人类人群中HEV测量值存在显著差异，并讨论了所有途径的重要差异来源。在描述总接触量的背景下，提供了与接触环氧乙烷的人群的风险评估和风险管理相关的问题，并确定了支持未来风险评估的数据需求。

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