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Modeling, optimization, and validation of an extended-depth-of-field optical coherence tomography probe based on a mirror tunnel

机译：基于镜隧道的延长近场光学相干断层扫描探头的建模，优化和验证

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The diagnostic capability of high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be enhanced by using extended depth-of-field (EDOF) imaging that retains high transverse resolution over long depths. A recently developed mirror-tunnel optical probe design (single-mode fiber to multimode fiber to lens structure) that generates coaxially focused modes has been previously shown to enable EDOF for endoscopic OCT applications. Here, we present ray-tracing optical modeling of this optical configuration, which has the potential to guide performance improvement through optimization. The Huygens wave propagation of the field was traced through probe components with initial lengths. The irradiance along the x-z plane was analyzed, yielding an average full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 9 mu m over a 640 mu m DOF (defined as the axial range over which the beam's transverse FWHM is maintained). A custom merit function was then defined, based on the focal region illumination intensity profile that yielded the maximum possible depth having a constrained FWHM size. An orthogonal gradient descent optimization algorithm was then applied using this merit function, using the multimode fiber, spacer, and lens lengths as variables. Optimization resulted in a modeled mean 6 mu m FWHM spot diameter over an EDOF of 1 mm. Following optimization, a probe was fabricated, and was validated using a custom-built near-field scanning pinhole beam profiler. The experimental results (6 mu m mean FWHM over 800 mu m EDOF) showed reasonable correspondence to the simulated predictions, demonstrating the potential utility of optical modeling and optimization for improving EDOF performance in mirror-tunnel endoscopic OCT probes. (C) 2021 Optical Society of America
机译：高分辨率光学相干层析成像（OCT）的诊断能力可以通过使用扩展景深（EDOF）成像来增强，该成像在长深度上保持高横向分辨率。最近开发的一种反射镜隧道光学探针设计（单模光纤到多模光纤到透镜结构）可以产生同轴聚焦模式，之前已经证明，这种设计可以使EDOF用于内窥镜OCT应用。在这里，我们介绍了这种光学配置的光线跟踪光学建模，它有可能通过优化来指导性能改进。该场的惠更斯波传播通过具有初始长度的探头组件进行跟踪。分析了x-z平面上的辐照度，在640μm自由度（定义为维持光束横向半高宽的轴向范围）上，产生了9μm的平均半高宽（FWHM）。然后，根据焦区照明强度分布定义了一个自定义的价值函数，该函数产生了具有受限半高宽大小的最大可能深度。然后，使用该价值函数，以多模光纤、间隔棒和透镜长度为变量，应用正交梯度下降优化算法。优化结果是，在1 mm的EDOF范围内，模拟的平均6μm半高宽光斑直径。优化后，制作了一个探针，并使用定制的近场扫描针孔光束轮廓仪进行了验证。实验结果（6μm平均半高宽超过800μm EDOF）与模拟预测相符，证明了光学建模和优化在改善镜面隧道内窥镜OCT探头EDOF性能方面的潜在应用。（2021）美国光学学会

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