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首页> 外文期刊>Earth and Planetary Science Letters: A Letter Journal Devoted to the Development in Time of the Earth and Planetary System >Onset and evolution of Kilauea's 2018 flank eruption and summit collapse from continuous gravity
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Onset and evolution of Kilauea's 2018 flank eruption and summit collapse from continuous gravity

机译：基里亚2018年侧翼喷发的发病和演变和峰值突破从持续重力塌陷

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摘要

Prior to the 2018 lower East Rift Zone (ERZ) eruption and summit collapse of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, continuous gravimeters operated on the vent rims of ongoing eruptions at both the summit and Pu'u 'O'o. These instruments captured the onset of the 2018 lower ERZ eruption and the effects of lava withdrawal from both locales, providing constraints on the timing and style of activity and the physical properties of the lava lakes at both locations. At the summit, combining gravity, lava level, and a three-dimensional model of the vent indicates that the upper similar to 200 m of the lava lake had a density of about 1700 kg m(-3), slightly greater than estimates from 2011-2015 and possibly indicating a gradual densification over time. At Pu'u 'O'o, gravity and vent geometry were used to model both the density and the rate of crater collapse, which was unknown owing to a lack of visual observations. Results suggest the withdrawal of at least 11 x 10(6) m(3) of lava over the course of two hours, and a material density of 1800-1900 k gm(-3). In addition, gravity data at Pu'u 'O'o captured a transient decrease and increase about an hour prior to crater collapse and that was probably related to a small, short-lived fissure eruption on the west flank of the cone and possibly to dike intrusion beneath Pu'u 'O'o. The fissure was the first event in the subsequent cascade that ultimately led to the extrusion of over 1 km(3) of lava from lower ERZ vents, collapse of the summit caldera floor by more than 500 m, and the destruction of over 700 homes and other structures. These results emphasize the importance of continuous gravity in operational monitoring of active volcanoes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译：在2018年下东部裂谷带（ERZ）喷发和夏威夷基拉韦厄火山山顶崩塌之前，连续重力仪在山顶和普乌奥火山正在喷发的火山口边缘运行。这些仪器捕捉到2018年下ERZ喷发的开始和两个地区熔岩撤离的影响，对活动的时间和方式以及两个地点熔岩湖的物理性质进行限制。在山顶，结合重力、熔岩水平和喷口的三维模型表明，类似于200 m熔岩湖的上部密度约为1700 kg m（-3），略高于2011-2015年的估计值，可能表明随着时间的推移逐渐变密。在Pu'u'O'O，重力和喷口几何形状被用来模拟火山口坍塌的密度和速率，由于缺乏视觉观察，这是未知的。结果表明，在两个小时的过程中，至少有11 x 10（6）m（3）的熔岩流出，材料密度为1800-1900 k gm（-3）。此外，Pu'u'O'O的重力数据捕捉到了火山口坍塌前约一小时的短暂下降和上升，这可能与一个小的，火山锥西侧短暂的裂缝喷发，可能是为了在Pu'u'O'O下方筑堤入侵。该裂缝是随后瀑布中的第一个事件，最终导致超过1 km（3）的熔岩从较低的ERZ喷口喷出，山顶火山口底部坍塌500多米，700多座房屋和其他结构被毁。这些结果强调了连续重力在活火山运行监测中的重要性。由Elsevier B.V.出版。

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