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Towards free-standing graphane: atomic hydrogen and deuterium bonding to nano-porous graphene

机译：朝向独立式石墨：原子氢和氘键合至纳米多孔石墨烯

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摘要

Graphane is formed by bonding hydrogen (and deuterium) atoms to carbon atoms in the graphene mesh, with modification from the pure planar sp(2) bonding towards an sp(3) configuration. Atomic hydrogen (H) and deuterium (D) bonding with C atoms in fully free-standing nano porous graphene (NPG) is achieved, by exploiting low-energy proton (or deuteron) non-destructive irradiation, with unprecedented minimal introduction of defects, as determined by Raman spectroscopy and by the C 1s core level lineshape analysis. Evidence of the H- (or D-) NPG bond formation is obtained by bringing to light the emergence of a H- (or D-) related sp(3)-distorted component in the C 1s core level, clear fingerprint of H-C (or D-C) covalent bonding. The H (or D) bonding with the C atoms of free-standing graphene reaches more than 1/4 (or 1/3) at% coverage. This non-destructive H-NPG (or D-NPG) chemisorption is very stable at high temperatures up to about 800 K, as monitored by Raman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, with complete healing and restoring of clean graphene above 920 K. The excellent chemical and temperature stability of H- (and D-) NPG opens the way not only towards the formation of semiconducting graphane on large-scale samples, but also to stable graphene functionalisation enabling futuristic applications in advanced detectors for the beta-spectrum analysis.
机译：石墨烯是通过将氢（和氘）原子与石墨烯网中的碳原子键合而形成的，并从纯平面sp（2）键合改为sp（3）构型。完全独立的纳米多孔石墨烯（NPG）中的氢原子（H）和氘原子（D）与C原子的键合是通过利用低能质子（或氘）非破坏性辐照实现的，通过拉曼光谱和C 1s核级线形分析确定，缺陷的引入前所未有地少。H-（或D-）NPG键形成的证据是通过揭示C 1s核心水平上出现的H-（或D-）相关sp（3）-畸变成分，H-C（或D-C）共价键的清晰指纹而获得的。在%覆盖率下，与独立石墨烯的C原子的H（或D）键达到1/4（或1/3）以上。这种非破坏性的H-NPG（或D-NPG）化学吸附在高达约800K的高温下非常稳定，由拉曼光谱和x射线光电子能谱监测，在920K以上完全愈合和恢复干净的石墨烯。H-（和D-）NPG优异的化学和温度稳定性不仅为在大规模样品上形成半导体石墨开辟了道路，此外，还可以实现稳定的石墨烯功能化，从而在用于β光谱分析的先进探测器中实现未来的应用。

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