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首页> 外文期刊>The FEBS journal >Signaling and function of cardiac autonomic nervous system receptors: Insights from the GPCR signalling universe
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Signaling and function of cardiac autonomic nervous system receptors: Insights from the GPCR signalling universe

机译：心脏自主神经系统受体的信号和功能：GPCR信号宇宙的见解

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摘要

The two branches of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), adrenergic and cholinergic, exert a multitude of effects on the human myocardium thanks to the activation of distinct G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) expressed on the plasma membranes of cardiac myocytes, cardiac fibroblasts, and coronary vascular endothelial cells. Norepinephrine (NE)/epinephrine (Epi) and acetylcholine (ACh) are released from cardiac ANS terminals and mediate the biological actions of the ANS on the heart via stimulation of cardiac adrenergic or muscarinic receptors, respectively. In addition, several other neurotransmitters/hormones act as facilitators of ANS neurotransmission in the heart, taking part in the so-called nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) part of the ANS's control of cardiac function. These NANC mediators also use several different cell membrane-residing GPCRs to exert their effects in the myocardium. Cardiac ANS dysfunction and an imbalance between the activities of its two branches underlie a variety of cardiovascular diseases, from heart failure and hypertension to coronary artery disease, myocardial ischemia, and arrhythmias. In this review, we present the main well-established signaling modalities used by cardiac autonomic GPCRs, including receptors for salient NANC mediators, and we also highlight the latest developments pertaining to cardiac cell type-specific signal transduction, resulting in cell type-specific cardiac effects of each of these autonomic receptors.
机译：由于心肌细胞、心肌成纤维细胞和冠状动脉血管内皮细胞质膜上表达的不同G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）的激活，自主神经系统（ANS）的两个分支肾上腺素能和胆碱能对人类心肌产生多种影响。去甲肾上腺素（NE）/肾上腺素（Epi）和乙酰胆碱（ACh）分别从心脏ANS终末释放，并通过刺激心脏肾上腺素能受体或毒蕈碱受体介导ANS对心脏的生物作用。此外，其他几种神经递质/激素充当心脏中ANS神经传递的促进剂，参与ANS控制心脏功能的所谓非肾上腺素能非胆碱能（NANC）部分。这些NANC介体还使用几种不同的细胞膜GPCR在心肌中发挥作用。心脏ANS功能障碍及其两个分支之间的活动不平衡是多种心血管疾病的基础，从心力衰竭和高血压到冠状动脉疾病、心肌缺血和心律失常。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了心脏自主性GPCR使用的主要成熟信号模式，包括显著NANC介质的受体，并且我们还强调了与心脏细胞类型特异性信号转导有关的最新进展，导致这些自主性受体中的每一个都具有细胞类型特异性心脏效应。

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