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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of epidemiology >The Emerging HIV Epidemic on the Mexico-U.S. Border: An International Case Study Characterizing the Role of Epidemiology in Surveillance and Response
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The Emerging HIV Epidemic on the Mexico-U.S. Border: An International Case Study Characterizing the Role of Epidemiology in Surveillance and Response

机译：墨西哥-美国的新兴HIV流行病。边界：一个国际案例研究，其特征是流行病学在监视和响应中的作用

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Purpose: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome surveillance data are critical for monitoring epidemic trends, but they can mask dynamic subepidemics, especially in vulnerable populations that underuse HIV testing. In this case study, we describe community-based epidemiologic data among injection drug users (IDUs) and female sex workers (FSWs) in two northern Mexico-U.S. border states that identified an emerging HIV epidemic and generated a policy response. Methods: We draw from quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional and prospective epidemiologic studies and behavioral intervention studies among IDUs and FSWs in Tijuana, Baja California, and Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua. Results: The recognition that the HIV epidemic on Mexico's northern border was already well established in subgroups in whom it had been presumed to be insignificant was met with calls for action and enhanced prevention efforts from researchers, nongovernmental organizations, and policy makers. Conclusions: Successful policies and program outcomes included expansion of needle-exchange programs, a nationwide mobile HIV prevention program targeting marginalized populations, a successful funding bid from the Global Fund for HIV, TB, and Malaria to scale up targeted HIV-prevention programs, and the establishment of bi-national training programs on prevention of HIV and substance use. We discuss how epidemiologic data informed HIV prevention policies and suggest how other countries may learn from Mexico's experience.
机译：目的：人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合症监测数据对于监测流行趋势至关重要，但它们可以掩盖动态亚流行病，尤其是在未进行HIV检测的脆弱人群中。在本案例研究中，我们描述了墨西哥北部两个美国注射毒品使用者（IDU）和女性性工作者（FSW）之间基于社区的流行病学数据。边境国家，这些国家识别出正在出现的艾滋病流行病并产生了政策对策。方法：我们从定量和定性的横断面和前瞻性流行病学研究以及行为干预研究中吸取了下加利福尼亚州蒂华纳和奇瓦瓦州华雷斯城的吸毒者和FSW的行为。结果：认识到在墨西哥北部边界的艾滋病毒流行已经在据认为是微不足道的亚组中得到了确立，研究人员，非政府组织和政策制定者呼吁采取行动并加大预防力度。结论：成功的政策和计划成果包括扩大针头交换计划，针对边缘化人群的全国性流动性艾滋病毒预防计划，全球艾滋病，结核病和疟疾基金的成功资助，以扩大针对性的艾滋病毒预防计划，以及建立关于预防艾滋病毒和毒品使用的双边培训计划。我们讨论了流行病学数据如何为艾滋病毒预防政策提供信息，并建议其他国家可以从墨西哥的经验中学到什么。

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