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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the ASABE >Addressing Nutrient Imbalances in Animal Agriculture Systems
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Addressing Nutrient Imbalances in Animal Agriculture Systems

机译：解决动物农业系统中的营养失衡

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摘要

Animal agriculture is a major consumer and generator of both macro- and micronutrients. Intensification and regional concentration of animal production, due to economic and logistical advantages, have altered nutrient fluxes in agriculture systems, causing increased stock of nutrients in soils and, consequently, their emission to air and transport to surface water and groundwater. Established nutrient and manure planning frameworks, while effective in addressing nutrient point sources and using manure to enhance fertility and soil quality, have not been wholly successful in addressingfarm-and region-scale challenges with nutrient concentrations. This review article addresses nutrient management issues associated with modern animal agriculture by advancing the use of nutrient budgets and balances. This is accomplished by establishing core concepts for nutrient budgets and balances as they apply to animal agriculture. Relevant spatial scales for these budgets are reviewed, including field, whole-farm, and watershed scales, along with proposed methodologies and data sources for each. This study also identifies existing region- and commodity-specific metrics (when available) for use as thresholds for corrective action toward more balanced nutrient budgets. Finally, recommendations for the community of practitioners, researchers, and educators are provided to address nutrient imbalance in animal agriculture systems. At farm and region scale, nutrient balance investments will be needed to strengthen accounting methodologies, develop appropriate data sources for measurements, identify thresholds for action, and apply the methods in appropriate settings and decisions. Data availability and uncertainty are recognized as key limitations facing wider adoption of these concepts, particularly considering data ownership and privacy concerns. The lack of transparent datasets that capture current animal production practices and their impact on manure composition and nutrient cycling is a gap facing these methodologies. The lack of engagement by practitioners and producers in the development phase of such tools greatly affects their adoption and utility. The need for continued engagement in establishing accepted methodologies, training, data collection, and education are crucial to establish farm- and region-scale methods and measure their value to nutrient planning over time.
机译：动物农业是宏观和微量营养素的主要消费者和发电机。由于经济和后勤优势，动物生产的强化和区域浓度改变了农业系统中的养分通量，从而导致土壤中养分的库存增加，从而导致其空气和运输到地表水和地下水的运输。建立的养分和肥料计划框架在有效解决营养点来源并利用粪便来提高生育能力和土壤质量方面，在解决营养浓度方面的挑战方面尚未完全成功。这篇评论文章通过促进营养预算和余额的使用来解决与现代动物农业相关的营养管理问题。这是通过建立适用于动物农业的营养预算和余额的核心概念来实现的。审查了这些预算的相关空间量表，包括田间，全农场和流域量表，以及提议的方法和数据源。这项研究还确定了现有的区域和商品特异性指标（如果有）用作阈值，以实现对更均衡的营养预算进行纠正措施。最后，为从业人员，研究人员和教育者社区提供了建议，以解决动物农业系统中的营养失衡。在农场和地区规模上，将需要营养平衡投资来加强会计方法论，开发适当的数据源以进行测量，确定行动阈值以及在适当的环境和决策中应用这些方法。数据可用性和不确定性被认为是对这些概念更广泛采用的关键局限性，尤其是考虑到数据所有权和隐私问题。缺乏捕获当前动物生产实践的透明数据集及其对肥料成分和营养循环的影响，这是面临这些方法的差距。在此类工具的开发阶段，从业者和生产者缺乏参与会极大地影响他们的收养和实用性。继续参与建立公认的方法，培训，数据收集和教育的需求对于建立农场和地区规模的方法至关重要，并衡量其对养分规划的价值。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of the ASABE》 |2022年第2期|235-249|共15页
  • 作者

    Mahmoud Sharara; Richard K. Kolesch; Erin L. Cortus;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA;

    Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA;

    Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.;

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