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Tailoring the physicochemical properties of zeolite catalysts

机译：调整沸石催化剂的物理化学特性

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摘要

The physicochemical properties of zeolite catalysts, such as crystal topology, composition, size, and morphology, can have a marked effect on their performance for a broad range of reactions, notably in catalyst activity, hydrothermal stability, shape selectivity, and/or lifetime. There are relatively few zeolite framework types employed as commercial catalysts. Contributing factors include the high cost of synthesis and the difficulty of tailoring crystal nucleation and growth to achieve the desired properties. There is an increasing amount of structure performance data in the literature and patents that can be used to guide the identification of effective zeolite "formulations"; however, the challenges for realizing these materials are generally twofold: (i) growth mechanisms are not well understood, which often prohibits the control of zeolite crystallization, and (ii) the impracticality of most design schemes hinders their economic feasibility and their potential for facile implementation. These aspects are often overlooked in the design of zeolite catalysts, yet they are essential for any plans aimed at eventual commercialization. In this review, we summarize our recent findings in the area of zeolite synthesis and characterization, focusing specifically on practical routes to control zeolite crystallization in the absence of costly organics, tailoring crystal habit through the use of versatile and recyclable zeolite growth modifiers, and pioneering techniques in zeolite surface science as a platform to expand our knowledge of crystal growth mechanisms. These concerted efforts in rational design bridge fundamental and applied research towards the development of zeolites with improved catalytic performance.
机译：沸石催化剂的物理化学特性，例如晶体拓扑，组成，大小和形态，可以对它们的性能产生明显的影响，尤其是在催化剂活性，水热稳定性，形状选择性和/或生命周期中。用作商业催化剂的沸石框架类型相对较少。贡献因素包括高成本的合成成本以及定制晶体成核和生长以实现所需特性的困难。文献中有越来越多的结构性能数据和可用于指导有效沸石“配方”的鉴定的专利;但是，意识到这些材料的挑战通常是双重的：（i）增长机制尚不清楚，这通常禁止控制沸石结晶，并且（ii）大多数设计方案的不切实际性阻碍了其经济可行性和对便利的潜力执行。这些方面通常在沸石催化剂的设计中被忽略，但是对于最终商业化的任何计划都是必不可少的。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们在沸石合成和表征领域的最新发现，专门针对在没有昂贵有机物的情况下控制沸石结晶的实用途径，通过使用多功能和可回收的沸石生长修饰符以及先驱Zeolite的习惯，并使用Pioneerering习惯。沸石表面科学中的技术作为扩展我们对晶体生长机制知识的平台。这些协同的合理设计桥梁基础和应用研究方面的努力，以改善催化性能的发展沸石。

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