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Hierarchical TiO2 spherical nanostructures with tunable pore size, pore volume, and specific surface area: facile preparation and high-photocatalytic performance

机译:层次TIO2球形纳米结构具有可调孔尺寸,孔音量和特定表面积:易于制备和高光催化性能

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摘要

Anatase TiO2 hierarchical nanostructural microspheres with tunable pore size, pore volume, and specific surface area were prepared by a facile two-step method of electrospray and hydrothermal treatment. Compared to the calcination, the hydrothermal treatment can transfer the electrosprayed TiO2 microspheres to porous hierarchical nanostructures. Adding ammonia in the hydrothermal process has a great effect on the pore structure of TiO2 microspheres. The hydrothermal-treated samples with >2.0 ml ammonia being added are composed of both big and small nanocrystals. Some of the large nanocrystals grow in the [001] direction and contain step-like {101} surfaces. The large nanoparticles are formed through the combination of small particles by dehydration, which finally leads to the change of TiO2 microspheres from mesoporous to large-porous structure. The effects of the specific surface area, the pore volume, and the pore size on the photocatalytic activity are studied. It is considered that the pores on the surface layer of TiO2 microspheres are like a door that can control the diffusion of reactants between the outside and the inside. If the size of pores on the surface is big enough to allow the fast diffusion of reactants, the photocatalytic activity will increase with the increase of specific surface area and pore volume. In addition, further calcination on the TiO2 spheres after hydrothermal treatment can increase the photocatalytic activity, which is better than the commercial P25.
机译:通过轻松的两步电喷雾和热液处理方法制备具有可调孔尺寸,孔体积和特定表面积的解剖学TIO2分层纳米结构微球。与钙化相比,水热处理可以将电喷雾的TiO2微球转移到多孔分层纳米结构中。在热液过程中添加氨对TiO2微球的孔结构具有很大的影响。添加> 2.0 mL氨的水热处理样品既由大型和小纳米晶体组成。一些大纳米晶体沿[001]方向生长,并包含阶梯状{101}表面。大纳米颗粒是通过脱水组合形成的,最终导致TiO2微球从介孔变为大孔结构。研究了特定表面积,孔体积和孔径对光催化活性的影响。据认为,TiO2微球表面上的孔就像一扇门,可以控制反应物之间的反应物之间的扩散。如果表面上的孔的大小足够大,以允许反应物的快速扩散,则光催化活性将随特定表面积和孔体积的增加而增加。此外,水热处理后TIO2球的进一步钙化可以增加光催化活性,这比商业P25更好。

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