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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of work exposures and health. >Diesel Engine Exhaust Exposure in the Ontario Civil Infrastructure Construction Industry
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Diesel Engine Exhaust Exposure in the Ontario Civil Infrastructure Construction Industry

机译：安大略省民用基础设施建筑业中的柴油发动机排气暴露

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Objectives Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is a known lung carcinogen and a common occupational exposure in Canada. The use of diesel-powered equipment in the construction industry is particularly widespread, but little is known about DEE exposures in this work setting. The objective of this study was to determine exposure levels and identify and characterize key determinants of DEE exposure at construction sites in Ontario. Methods Elemental carbon (EC, a surrogate of DEE exposure) measurements were collected at seven civil infrastructure construction worksites and one trades training facility in Ontario using NIOSH method 5040. Full-shift personal air samples were collected using a constant-flow pump and SKC aluminium cyclone with quartz fibre filters in a 37-mm cassette. Exposures were compared with published health-based limits, including the Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Safety (DECOS) limit (1.03 mu g m(-3) respirable EC) and the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) recommendation (5 mu g m(-3) respirable EC). Mixed-effects linear regression was used to identify determinants of EC exposure. Results In total, 149 EC samples were collected, ranging from <0.25 to 52.58 mu g m(-3) with a geometric mean (GM) of 3.71 mu g m(-3) [geometric standard deviation (GSD) = 3.32]. Overall, 41.6% of samples exceeded the FIOH limit, mostly within underground worksites (93.5%), and 90.6% exceeded the DECOS limit. Underground workers (GM = 13.20 mu g m(-3), GSD = 1.83) had exposures approximately four times higher than below grade workers (GM = 3.56 mu g m(-3), GSD = 1.94) and nine times higher than above ground workers (GM = 1.49 mu g m(-3), GSD = 1.75). Training facility exposures were similar to above ground workers (GM = 1.86 mu g m(-3), GSD = 4.12); however, exposures were highly variable. Work setting and enclosed cabins were identified as the key determinants of exposure in the final model (adjusted R-2 = 0.72, P < 0.001). The highest DEE exposures were observed in underground workplaces and when using unenclosed cabins. Conclusions This study provides data on current DEE exposure in Canadian construction workers. Most exposures were above recommended health-based limits, albeit in other jurisdictions, signifying a need to further reduce DEE levels in construction. These results can inform a hazard reduction strategy including targeted intervention/control measures to reduce DEE exposure and the burden of occupational lung cancer.
机译：目标柴油发动机排气（DEE）是加拿大已知的肺癌和普通职业曝光。建筑行业中使用柴油动力的设备的使用尤其广泛，但是在此工作环境中，DEE暴露量知之甚少。这项研究的目的是确定暴露水平，并确定和表征安大略省建筑工地DEE暴露的关键决定因素。方法元素碳（EC，DEE暴露的替代物）测量是在七个民用基础设施建设工厂中收集的，使用NIOSH方法5040在安大略省的一个交易培训设施。带有石英纤维过滤器的旋风中的37毫米盒子。将暴露与已发表的基于健康的限制进行了比较，包括荷兰职业安全专家委员会（DECOS）限制（1.03 MU G M（-3）呼吸EC）和芬兰职业健康研究所（FIOH）建议（5 MU G M（ - 5 MU G M）（ - 3）可呼吸的EC）。混合效应线性回归用于识别EC暴露的决定因素。总共收集了149个EC样品，范围从<0.25至52.58 mu G M（-3），几何平均值（GM）为3.71 MU G M（-3）[几何标准偏差（GSD）= 3.32]。总体而言，有41.6％的样本超过了FIOH限制，主要是在地下工作地点（93.5％），而90.6％的样本超过了DECOS限制。地下工人（GM = 13.20 Mu G M（-3），GSD = 1.83）的暴露量比低于级的工人高四倍（GM = 3.56 MU G M（-3），GSD = 1.94），比地面工人高9倍（gm = 1.49 Mu G M（-3），GSD = 1.75）。训练设施的暴露与地面工人相似（GM = 1.86 MU G M（-3），GSD = 4.12）;但是，暴露是高度可变的。工作设置和封闭的小木屋被确定为最终模型中暴露的关键决定因素（调整后的R-2 = 0.72，p <0.001）。在地下工作场所和使用未封闭的机舱时，观察到最高的DEE暴露。结论本研究提供了有关加拿大建筑工人当前DEE暴露的数据。大多数暴露量高于建议的基于健康的限制，尽管在其他司法管辖区中，这表明需要进一步降低建筑中的DEE水平。这些结果可以为减少危害的策略提供信息，包括针对性的干预/控制措施，以减少DEE暴露和职业肺癌的负担。

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