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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of work exposures and health. >Determinants of Respirable Quartz Exposure Concentrations Across Occupations in Denmark, 2018
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Determinants of Respirable Quartz Exposure Concentrations Across Occupations in Denmark, 2018

机译：2018年丹麦职业的可呼吸石英暴露浓度的决定因素

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Background High concentrations of respirable quartz have been reported from workers in construction, foundries, and quarries. Current exposure concentrations in prevalent but presumably lower exposed occupations have been less examined. We aimed to quantify current exposure concentrations of respirable dust and quartz across prevalent occupations and to identify determinants of respirable quartz exposure across these occupations. Methods One hundred and eighty-nine full-shift personal samples of respirable dust of workers within 11 occupations in Denmark were sampled during 2018. Respirable dust was determined gravimetrically and analysed for quartz content with infrared spectrometry. Determinants for respirable quartz exposure, i.e. use of power tools, outdoor or indoor location, and percentage of quartz in respirable dust, were analysed in linear mixed effect models. Results The overall geometric means (geometric standard deviations) for respirable dust and quartz were 216 mu g m(-3) (4.42) and 16 mu g m(-3) (4.07), respectively. The highest quartz concentrations were observed among stone cutters and carvers [93 mu g m(-3) (3.47)], and metal melters and casters [61 mu g m(-3) (1.71)]. Use of power tools increased exposure concentrations of quartz by a factor of 3.5. Occupations explained 27%, companies within occupations 28%, and differences between workers within companies within occupations 14% of the variability in quartz concentrations. Thirty percent was due to day-to-day variability in exposure concentrations. In total, 19% of the variation in quartz concentration could be explained by type of tool, indoor/outdoor location, and percentage of quartz in respirable dust. Conclusion Current exposure concentrations are generally low, but some occupations in this study had average exposure concentrations to respirable quartz above the ACGIH threshold limit value of 25 mu g m(-3). Preventive measures to lower excess risk of quartz-related diseases among these workers are still needed. In terms of preventive strategies, use of power tools and quartz content of used materials were identified as main determinants of exposure. Lowering of exposures will be most efficient when focussed on these major determinants, e.g. tool dust control with water, dust extraction, and use of low quartz content materials.
机译：据报道，在建筑，铸造厂和采石场的工人中，已经报告了背景高浓度的可吸入石英。当前的暴露浓度在普遍但大概较低的暴露职业中受到了较少的检查。我们旨在量化流行职业的当前可吸入灰尘和石英的暴露浓度，并确定这些职业中可呼吸的石英暴露的决定因素。方法在2018年在丹麦11个职业中进行了一百八十九个全班的个人样本，可在2018年进行采样。可呼吸的灰尘被重度确定，并用红外光谱法分析了石英含量。在线性混合效应模型中分析了可呼吸的石英暴露的决定因素，即使用动力工具，室外或室内位置以及可吸入灰尘中石英的百分比。结果分别为216 MU G M（-3）（4.42）和16 MU G M（-3）（4.07），总体几何平均值（几何标准偏差）分别为216 MU G M（-3）（4.42）。在割刀和雕刻师之间观察到最高的石英浓度[93 MU G M（-3）（3.47）]，金属熔体和脚轮[61 MU G M（-3）（1.71）]。使用动力工具将石英的暴露浓度增加了3.5倍。职业解释了27％，在职业中的公司28％，以及在职业内部的工人之间的差异，是石英浓度变异性变异性的14％。 30％是由于暴露浓度的日常变异性。总共可以通过工具类型，室内/室外位置以及可呼吸灰尘中石英的百分比来解释石英浓度变化的19％。结论当前的暴露浓度通常很低，但是这项研究中的某些职业的平均暴露浓度超过ACGIH阈值极限值25 mu G M（-3）。仍然需要采取预防措施，以降低这些工人中与石英相关疾病的多余风险。就预防策略而言，使用电动工具和用过的石英含量被确定为暴露的主要决定因素。当专注于这些主要决定因素时，降低暴露量将是最有效的，例如用水，灰尘提取和使用低石英含量材料的刀具防尘。

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