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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of cognitive enhancement >Quantifying the Difference Between Active and Passive Control Groups in Cognitive Interventions Using Two Meta-analytical Approaches
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Quantifying the Difference Between Active and Passive Control Groups in Cognitive Interventions Using Two Meta-analytical Approaches

机译：使用两种荟萃分析方法来量化认知干预措施中主动对照组和被动对照组之间的差异

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Despite promising reports of broad cognitive benefit in studies of cognitive training, it has been argued that the reliance of many studies on no-intervention control groups (passive controls) make these reports difficult to interpret because placebo effects cannot be ruled out. Although researchers have recently been trying to incorporate more active controls, in which participants engage in an alternate intervention, previous work has been contentious as to whether this actually yields meaningfully different results. To better understand the influence of passive and active control groups on cognitive interventions, we conducted two meta-analyses to estimate their relative effect sizes. While the first one broadly surveyed the literature by compiling data from 34 meta-analyses, the second one synthesized data from 42 empirical studies that simultaneously employed both types of controls. Both analyses showed no meaningful performance difference between passive and active controls, suggesting that current active control placebo paradigms might not be appropriately designed to reliably capture these non-specific effects or that these effects are minimal in this literature.
机译：尽管在认知训练的研究中有广泛认知益处的有希望的报道，但有人认为，许多研究对无干预对照组（被动控制）的依赖使这些报告难以解释，因为安慰剂效应不能排除。尽管研究人员最近一直在试图纳入更多的积极控制，而参与者进行了替代干预措施，但先前的工作对这是否实际上产生了有意义的不同结果是有争议的。为了更好地理解被动和主动对照组对认知干预措施的影响，我们进行了两个荟萃分析以估计它们的相对效应大小。虽然第一个通过编译34个荟萃分析的数据广泛调查了文献，但第二个数据合成了来自42项经验研究的数据，同时使用了两种类型的对照。两项分析都显示，被动控制和主动控制之间没有有意义的性能差异，这表明当前的主动控制安慰剂范例可能无法适当设计以可靠地捕获这些非特异性效应，或者这些效果在本文中是最小的。

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