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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of cognitive enhancement >Investigating the Effects of tDCS on Visual Orientation Discrimination Task Performance: 'the Possible Influence of Placebo'
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Investigating the Effects of tDCS on Visual Orientation Discrimination Task Performance: 'the Possible Influence of Placebo'

机译：研究TDC对视觉取向歧视任务绩效的影响：“安慰剂的可能影响”

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The non-invasive neuromodulation technique tDCS offers the promise of a low-cost tool for both research and clinical applications in psychology, psychiatry, and neuroscience. However, findings regarding its efficacy are often equivocal. A key issue is that the clinical and cognitive applications studied are often complex and thus effects of tDCS are difficult to predict given its known effects on the basic underlying neurophysiology, namely alterations in cortical inhibition-excitation balance. As such, it may be beneficial to assess the effects of tDCS in tasks whose performance has a clear link to cortical inhibition-excitation balance such as the visual orientation discrimination task (ODT). In prior studies in our laboratory, no practice effects were found during 2 consecutive runs of the ODT, thus in the current investigation, to examine the effects of tDCS, subjects received 10 min of 2 mA occipital tDCS (sham, anode, cathode) between a first and second run of ODT. Surprisingly, subjects' performance significantly improved in the second run of ODT compared to the first one regardless of the tDCS stimulation type they received (anodal, cathodal, or sham-tDCS). Possible causes for such an improvement could have been due to either a generic "placebo" effect of tDCS (as all subjects received some form of tDCS) or an increased delay period between the two runs of ODT of the current study compared to our previous work (10-min duration required to administer tDCS as opposed to similar to 2 min in previous studies as a "break"). As such, we tested these two possibilities with a subsequent experiment in which subjects received 2-min or 10-min delay between the 2 runs (with no tDCS) or 10 min of sham-tDCS. Only sham-tDCS resulted in improved performance thus these data add to a growing literature suggesting that tDCS has powerful placebo effect that may occur even in the absence of active cortical modulation.
机译：TDCS无创神经调节技术为心理学，精神病学和神经科学方面的研究和临床应用提供了低成本工具的承诺。但是，关于其功效的发现通常是模棱两可的。一个关键问题是，所研究的临床和认知应用通常很复杂，因此TDC的影响很难预测其对基本潜在神经生理学的已知作用，即皮质抑制 - 激发平衡的改变。因此，评估TDC在其性能与皮质抑制 - 激发平衡（例如视觉取向歧视任务（ODT））之间有明确联系的任务中的影响可能是有益的。在我们实验室的先前研究中，在当前的研究中连续2次运行中未发现练习效应，因此在检查TDC的效果中，受试者接受了10分钟的2 ma枕骨TDC（假，阳极，阴极）的10分钟。 ODT的第一和第二运行。出乎意料的是，与第一个相比，与第一个ODT相比，无论他们接受的TDCS刺激类型（阳极，阴极或Sham-TDC），受试者的性能在第二次运行中都显着提高。这种改善的可能原因可能是由于TDC的通用“安慰剂”效应（因为所有受试者都接受了某种形式的TDC），或者与以前的工作相比，当前研究的两次ODT之间的延迟期更长（管理TDC所需的10分钟持续时间，而不是在先前的研究中与2分钟相似的“断裂”）。因此，我们通过随后的实验测试了这两种可能性，其中受试者在2次运行（没有TDC）或SHAM-TDCS 10分钟之间接受了2分钟或10分钟的延迟。只有Sham-TDC才能提高性能，因此这些数据增加了不断增长的文献，这表明TDC具有强大的安慰剂作用，即使在没有主动皮质调节的情况下，也可能会发生。

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