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首页> 外文期刊>Archives of general psychiatry. >Unraveling the nature of hyperactivity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
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Unraveling the nature of hyperactivity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

机译：解开多动症儿童的本质与注意缺陷/多动障碍。

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CONTEXT: Seated hyperactivity is a defining feature of the combined and predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but its underlying nature is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hyperactivity is a consequence of an impaired ability to inhibit activity to low levels or to maintain positional stability. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Academic research center and school. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-two boys 9 to 12 years of age (of 73 screened), recruited from the community by advertisement, who met DSM-IV criteria for ADHD combined subtype on structured interview. Sixty-two controls were selected by matching for age and sex from a community sample of 1168 subjects in 3 participating school districts. Pupils with Conners' Teacher Rating Scores Revised within +/-1 SD of the mean for age were eligible for randomized matching. Intervention Infrared motion analysis of head-marker movements (50 Hz) during performance of a 15-minute cognitive control task. Subjects with ADHD were tested at least 18 hours following their last dose of methylphenidate and again 120 minutes after a 0.4-mg/kg probe dose. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Inhibitory control (spike and basal amplitude) and head-marker stability (approximate entropy, Lyapunov, and spectral exponents). RESULTS: Inhibitory control measures were 2-fold higher in subjects with ADHD (d' = 0.63-0.95). Group differences in head-marker stability were even greater (d' = 2.20-4.71; receiver operating characteristic area = 0.956-1.0). Methylphenidate restored inhibitory ability to control levels but only partially corrected stability deficits, which still distinguished subjects with ADHD from controls (receiver operating characteristic area = 0.722-0.995). CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD have a deficient ability to inhibit activity to low levels and unstable control of head-marker position characterized by deterministic chaos (sensitivity to initial conditions). These deficits differed in degree of correctability by methylphenidate, suggesting that they may be mediated by different neural circuits (eg, corticostriatal vs cerebrovestibular).
机译：背景:坐在多动症是一种定义主要的特点结合起来,hyperactive-impulsive亚型的注意缺陷多动症(ADHD),但其潜在的自然是未知的。确定是否一个多动症由于抑制的能力受损活动水平低或保持位置稳定。学术研究中心和学校。参与者:六十二个男孩9到12岁(73年上映),从社区招募广告,符合dsm - iv标准的多动症结合亚型在结构化面试。六十二控制选择匹配从1168年社区样本的年龄和性别科目3参与学区。学生与康纳斯的老师评定分数修正在+ / - 1 SD意味着时代的符合随机匹配。红外运动分析的船首标志动作在15分钟的表现(50赫兹)认知控制的任务。测试至少18个小时后剂量哌醋甲酯再一次120分钟在0.4毫克/公斤探测器的剂量。措施:抑制性控制(峰值和基底振幅)和船首标志(近似稳定熵、李雅普诺夫和光谱指数)。结果:抑制性控制措施是2倍高主题多动症(d ' = 0.63 - -0.95)。集团在船首标志的稳定性差异更大的(d = 2.20 - -4.71;特征区域= 0.956 - -1.0)。恢复控制水平但抑制能力只是部分纠正稳定赤字,仍然杰出学科多动症控件(接受者操作特征区域= 0.722 - -0.995)。有抑制活性的能力不足水平低且不稳定的船首标志的控制位置确定性混沌的特征(对初始条件的敏感性)。不同程度的可修正性的赤字哌醋甲酯,这表明他们可能由不同的神经回路(如corticostriatal vs cerebrovestibular)。

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