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Aqueous-phase reforming of crude glycerol: effect of impurities on hydrogen production

机译：水相粗甘油的改革:效果制氢杂质

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The aqueous-phase reforming (APR) of a crude glycerol that originates from an industrial process and the effect of the individual components of crude glycerol on APR activity have been studied over 1 wt% Pt/Mg-Al) O, 1 wt% Pt/Al2O3, 5 wt% Pt/Al2O3 and 5 wt% Pt/C catalysts at 29 bar and 225 degrees C. The use of a 10 wt% alkaline crude glycerol solution in water, containing 6.85 wt% glycerol, 1.62 wt% soaps, 1.55 wt% methanol, and 0.07 wt% ester, resulted in a dramatic drop in APR activity compared to the corresponding 6.85 wt% solution of pure glycerol in water. Catalytic performance in crude glycerol APR increased in the order: 1 wt% Pt/Al2O3 < 5 wt% Pt/Al2O3 < 1 wt% Pt/Mg(Al) O < 5 wt% Pt/C. A H-2 selectivity of only 1% was obtained with crude glycerol over a 1 wt% Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, while the same catalyst material under identical reaction conditions gave 64% H-2 with pure glycerol. The cause of deactivation was investigated with synthetic mixtures that mimicked the composition of the crude glycerol and contained glycerol, methanol and varying amounts of NaCl and sodium oleate. The results showed that Na salts of fatty acids have a much more pronounced negative influence on APR activity than NaCl does and greatly inhibit H-2 formation. Stearic acid and long chain aliphatics and olefins were shown to be formed and to be involved in the deactivation of the catalyst. The relatively high activity/selectivity of the 1 wt% Pt/Mg(Al)O could be attributed to intercalation of oleate/stearate in the sheets of the layered double hydroxide that is formed under reaction conditions.
机译：水相重整(APR)的原油源于一个工业甘油过程和个人的影响粗甘油在4月活动的组成部分研究超过wt % Pt / Mg-Al) O, 1 wt %Pt /氧化铝,5 wt % Pt /氧化铝和5 wt % Pt / C催化剂29岁酒吧,225度c . 10 wt %的使用碱性粗甘油溶液在水里,包含6.85 wt %甘油,1.62 wt %肥皂,1.55 wt %甲醇和0.07 wt %酯,导致在4月活动相比大幅下降纯的对应6.85 wt %的解决方案甘油在水里。甘油4月增加的顺序:1 wt %wt % Pt / C。获得与粗甘油1 wt %Pt /氧化铝催化剂,而相同的催化剂在相同的反应条件下材料用纯甘油64% 2。失活与合成研究模仿的组成的混合物粗甘油和含有甘油、甲醇不同量的氯化钠和油酸钠。结果表明,脂肪酸的钠盐有更明显的负面影响吗4月活动比生理盐水和极大地抑制2的形成。脂肪族化合物和烯烃组成和参与的失活催化剂。活动/ 1 wt %的选择性Pt /毫克(Al) O可以归因于夹层的油酸/硬脂酸在分层的床单下形成的双氢氧化反应条件。

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