A multifunctional catalyst with Pt incorporated inside sodalite cages (SOD) encapsulated in ZSM-5 supported with Ni and Mo was synthesized, characterized and evaluated as a hydrocracking catalyst for the conversion of triglycerides to kerosene and diesel. The Pt@SOD was further encapsulated inside hierarchical mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite to prepare a bifunctional catalyst (H-ZSM-5 for acid functionality and sulfided NiMo along with Pt@SOD for hydrogenation functionality). Metal dispersion, temperature programmed reduction (TPR, H-2) and temperature programmed desorption (TPD, ammonia) studies were done to evaluate the bifunctional nature of the catalyst. The sulfided NiMo-Pt@SOD-ZSM-5 catalyst showed improved catalytic activity compared to the sulfided NiMo-ZSM-5 catalyst under severe reaction conditions of low hydrogen/feed ratio. We show for the first time that it is possible to operate at low H-2 concentrations during hydroprocessing of triglycerides with 99% conversion and 93% selectivity for diesel range compounds at 250 NL L-1 and 380 degrees C temperature. Computational studies showed that H-2 molecules activated by Pt inside the sodalite cages are available for reactions outside the cages. The synthesized catalyst showed high hydrodeoxygenation activity even at lower pressure (50-60 bar) and hydrogen/feed ratios of 500-1500 NL L-1. The catalyst showed better stability against deactivation (4 times less coke deposition) than sulfided NiMo-ZSM-5 catalyst during a continuous run due to the presence of Pt@SOD.
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机译：多功能催化剂与Pt方钠石笼内(SOD)封装在ZSM-5支持与镍和钼合成,加氢裂化的特点和评估甘油三酯的转化的催化剂煤油和柴油。在分级介孔ZSM-5封装沸石准备一个双功能催化剂(H-ZSM-5酸功能和硫化尼莫地平随着Pt@SOD加氢功能)。减少程序(TPR, 2)和温度编程解吸(兼总经理、氨)研究完成评估的双官能团的性质催化剂。显示相比提高催化活性面临严峻的硫化NiMo-ZSM-5催化剂反应条件的低氢/饲料比例。我们首次展示,它是可能的在低浓度2操作加氢处理99%的甘油三酸酯转换和柴油选择性93%范围内化合物在250 NL l - 1和380摄氏度温度。在方钠石,氢分子激活Pt笼子外可用于反应笼子里。hydrodeoxygenation活动甚至更低压力(50 - 60条)和氢/饲料的比率500 - 1500 NL l - 1。稳定性与失活少(4倍可乐沉积)比硫化NiMo-ZSM-5催化剂连续运行期间由于的存在Pt@SOD。
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