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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cellular Physiology >Neurotransmitters: The Critical Modulators Regulating Gut-Brain Axis
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Neurotransmitters: The Critical Modulators Regulating Gut-Brain Axis

机译：神经递质:关键调节器调节肠脑轴

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Neurotransmitters, including catecholamines and serotonin, play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the human body. Studies on these neurotransmitters mainly revolved around their role in the "fight or flight" response, transmitting signals across a chemical synapse and modulating blood flow throughout the body. However, recent research has demonstrated that neurotransmitters can play a significant role in the gastrointestinal (GI) physiology. Norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dopamine (DA), and serotonin have recently been a topic of interest because of their roles in the gut physiology and their potential roles in GI and central nervous system pathophysiology. These neurotransmitters are able to regulate and control not only blood flow, but also affect gut motility, nutrient absorption, GI innate immune system, and the microbiome. Furthermore, in pathological states, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Parkinson's disease, the levels of these neurotransmitters are dysregulated, therefore causing a variety of GI symptoms. Research in this field has shown that exogenous manipulation of catecholamine serum concentrations can help in decreasing symptomology and/or disease progression. In this review article, we discuss the current state-of-the-art research and literature regarding the role of neurotransmitters in regulation of normal GI physiology, their impact on several disease processes, and novel work focused on the use of exogenous hormones and/or psychotropic medications to improve disease symptomology. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：神经递质,包括儿茶酚胺和5 -羟色胺,在维护中起到至关重要的作用在人体体内平衡。神经递质主要是围绕着他们“战或逃反应”的角色,传输信号在化学突触和调节血液流动在整个身体。然而,最近的研究证明神经递质可以发挥重要作用胃肠道(GI)生理机能。去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、多巴胺(DA)和5 -羟色胺最近的一个话题感兴趣,因为他们的角色在肠道在胃肠道和生理学和潜在的作用中枢神经系统病理生理学。神经递质能够调节和不仅控制血流量,但也会影响肠道能动性,营养吸收,胃肠道先天免疫系统,微生物。病理状态,如炎症性肠病(IBD)和帕金森病的水平这些神经递质,特异表达因此导致各种胃肠道症状。在这个领域的研究已经表明,外生操纵血清儿茶酚胺浓度可以帮助减少症候学和/或疾病进展。评论文章,我们将讨论当前最先进的研究和文学关于神经传递素的作用调节胃肠道生理正常,他们的影响在几个疾病过程和小说作品专注于使用外源性激素和/或精神药物来改善疾病症候学。

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