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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, A. Space Physics: JGR >Atmospheric Escape Processes and Planetary Atmospheric Evolution
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Atmospheric Escape Processes and Planetary Atmospheric Evolution

机译:大气逃逸过程和行星大气演化

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The habitability of the surface of any planet is determined by a complex evolution of its interior, surface, and atmosphere. The electromagnetic and particle radiation of stars drive thermal, chemical, and physical alteration of planetary atmospheres, including escape. Many known extrasolar planets experience vastly different stellar environments than those in our solar system: It is crucial to understand the broad range of processes that lead to atmospheric escape and evolution under a wide range of conditions if we are to assess the habitability of worlds around other stars. One problem encountered between the planetary and the astrophysics communities is a lack of common language for describing escape processes. Each community has customary approximations that may be questioned by the other, such as the hypothesis of H-dominated thermosphere for astrophysicists or the Sun-like nature of the stars for planetary scientists. Since exoplanets are becoming one of the main targets for the detection of life, a common set of definitions and hypotheses are required. We review the different escape mechanisms proposed for the evolution of planetary and exoplanetary atmospheres. We propose a common definition for the different escape mechanisms, and we show the important parameters to take into account when evaluating the escape at a planet in time. We show that the paradigm of the magnetic field as an atmospheric shield should be changed and that recent work on the history of Xenon in Earth's atmosphere gives an elegant explanation to its enrichment in heavier isotopes: the so-called Xenon paradox.
机译:表面的可居住的行星由一个复杂的进化内部、表面和大气。电磁辐射和粒子的星星驱动热、化学和物理变化行星的大气层,包括逃跑。已知的太阳系外行星的经验大大不同的环境比我们的太阳系:理解是至关重要的广泛的过程,导致大气逃了出来,在一个广泛的进化如果我们要评估可居住条件其他恒星周围的世界。遇到了和行星之间的天体物理学社区是缺乏普遍语言来描述逃离过程。社会习惯,可能近似由其他质疑,例如假设H-dominated热大气层天体物理学家或类太阳的性质恒星的行星科学家。成为一个主要的目标吗检测的生活,一组通用的定义和假设是必需的。不同的逃逸机制提出了进化的行星和外atm。不同的逃逸机制,我们展示了重要参数时,还需要考虑评估逃脱在一颗行星。表明,该范式的磁场大气的盾牌应该改变最近的工作在氙在地球的历史气氛给其一个优雅的解释在重同位素浓缩:所谓的氙悖论。

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