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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cellular Physiology >Mantelli, F.a , Massaro-Giordano, M.b , Macchi, I.c , Lambiase, A.c , Bonini, S.c The cellular mechanisms of dry eye: From pathogenesis to treatment
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Mantelli, F.a , Massaro-Giordano, M.b , Macchi, I.c , Lambiase, A.c , Bonini, S.c The cellular mechanisms of dry eye: From pathogenesis to treatment

机译：斗篷、F。a、Massaro-Giordano M。b、机器Bonini I.c Lambiase,交流,南卡罗来纳州的细胞干眼的机制:从发病机理治疗

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摘要

Dry eye is a complex disease characterized by changes in the ocular surface epithelia related to reduced quality and/or quantity of tears, inflammatory reaction, and impairment of ocular surface sensitivity. It has recently been proposed that increased tear osmolarity represents a main trigger to the altered cellular mechanisms leading to epithelial damage in dry eye. However, dry eye pathogenesis is multifactorial, with cytotoxic inflammatory mediators, altered lacrimal gland secretion and nerve function, squamous metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium and decrease of goblet cells density, all playing a role in a detrimental loop that perpetuates and worsens damage to the corneal and conjunctival epithelia. Current topical treatments for dry eye patients include the use of lubricants and anti-inflammatory drugs. However, lubricants only improve symptoms temporarily, and chronic use of topical steroids is associated to severe ocular side effects such as cataract and glaucoma. The deeper understanding of the cellular mechanisms that are altered in dry eye is opening novel perspectives for patients and physicians, who are seeking treatments capable not only of improving symptoms but also of restoring the homeostasis of the ocular surface. In this review, we will focus on novel anti-inflammatory agents and on nerve growth factor, a neurotrophin that is altered in dry eye and has been suggested as a main player in the neuroimmune cross-talk of the ocular surface as well as in the stimulation of corneal sensitivity, epithelial proliferation and differentiation, and stimulation of mucin production by goblet cells.
机译：干眼病是一种复杂的疾病,其特征是眼部表面上皮细胞相关的变化减少了质量和/或数量的眼泪,眼部的炎症反应和损伤表面灵敏度。建议增加渗透性代表一个主要触发细胞改变在干旱导致上皮细胞损伤机制的眼睛。多因子的细胞毒性炎症介质,泪腺分泌和改变神经功能、鳞状上皮化生结膜上皮细胞和杯状的减少细胞密度,都扮演一个角色有害的循环,延续和恶化对角膜和结膜上皮细胞的破坏。当前局部治疗干眼患者包括使用润滑剂抗炎药物。暂时改善症状,长期使用局部类固醇严重眼部相关联白内障和青光眼等副作用。深入了解细胞的机制干眼是打开小说中修改角度对病人和医生来说,是谁不仅寻求治疗能够改善症状也恢复体内平衡的眼表面。小说消炎药和神经生长因子,改变的生成干眼病和被建议作为一种主要的球员神经免疫相声的眼表面以及角膜的刺激敏感性,上皮增殖和分化和粘蛋白的刺激生产由杯状细胞。

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