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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, A. Space Physics: JGR >MESSENGER Observations of Magnetotail Loading and Unloading: Implications for Substorms at Mercury
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MESSENGER Observations of Magnetotail Loading and Unloading: Implications for Substorms at Mercury

机译：信使的观察磁尾加载和卸载:对亚暴的汞

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摘要

We present the first statistical study of loading and unloading of magnetic flux in Mercury's magnetotail. These events describe the global circulation of magnetic flux through the magnetosphere and provide strong evidence that terrestrial-type substorms take place at Mercury. 438 events were identified over the 4 years of the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) mission by a gradual, short-lived increase in the magnetotail lobe magnetic field strength,coincident with an outward flaring of the magnetotail. Substorm duration ranged from tens of seconds to several minutes, with a median of 195 s and a mean of 212 s. The median amplitude of lobe magnetic field increase was ~11.5 nT, which represents an increase of 23.4% on the background lobe field strength,compared with ~10% for terrestrial substorms. The magnetotail lobes were found to contain ~2-3 MWb of magnetic flux based on 1031 tail passes, with a mean of 2.52 MWb and a standard deviation of 0.48 MWb. An estimate of the change in open flux content during the loading phase of each substorm ranged from 0.08 to 3.7 MWb with a mean value of 0.69 MWb and a standard deviation of 0.38 MWb. These changes in open flux content are an underestimate as the change in magnetotail radius during the events was not accounted for. The maximum lobe flux content during each substorm (~3 MWb) represented ~40% of the total available magnetic flux in the system (~7.5 MWb). During terrestrial substorms, the maximum lobe magnetic flux content is ~10-12% of the total flux from the dipole. A typical substorm at Mercury therefore cycles through a significantly larger fraction of the available magnetic flux than all but the largest substorms at the Earth.
机译：我们提出第一个装货统计研究和卸载在水星的磁通量磁尾。磁通穿过的循环磁气圈,提供强有力的证据在水星terrestrial-type亚暴的发生。438事件被确定的4年水星表面,空间环境,地球化学和范围(信使)任务一个循序渐进的,短暂的增加磁场磁尾叶力量,一致向外扩口的磁尾。几十秒到几分钟,值195年代和212年代的意思。叶磁场幅度增加~ 11.5元,相当于增加了23.4%叶场强的背景,比较~ 10%,陆地亚暴。磁尾叶被发现含有~ 2 - 3 MWb基于1031年的尾巴的磁通,平均的2.52 MWb和标准差0.48 MWb。每个亚暴的内容在加载阶段范围从0.08到3.7 MWb的平均值0.69 MWb,标准差0.38 MWb。是一个开放的通量的变化内容低估了磁尾半径的变化在事件不占。最大叶通量内容在每个亚暴(~ 3 MWb) ~代表总数的40%系统中磁通(~ 7.5 MWb)。地面为亚暴,最大叶磁通量内容~ 10 - 12%的总通量偶极子。因此周期明显增大分数比所有可用的磁通量但最大的亚暴的地球。

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