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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cellular Physiology >What it takes to become an effector T cell: The process, the cells involved, and the mechanisms.
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What it takes to become an effector T cell: The process, the cells involved, and the mechanisms.

机译：如何成为一个效应T细胞:过程、涉及的细胞机制。

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摘要

When activated, CD4(+) T cells differentiate into two major sub-populations differing in their profiles of secreted cytokines. Type One, or TH1, cells secrete IL-2, IFNgamma, and TNFbeta and mediate a cellular immune response. Type Two, or TH2, cells secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 and potentiate a humoral response. The nature of any specific immune response depends on the interaction of antigen-presenting cells and T cells. The role of antigen-presenting cells is to respond to the nature of the immune challenge and signal differentiation of CD4(+) T cells. A number of factors are involved in the effector phenotype of T cells-nature and affinity of antigen, co-receptors signals, and cytokine environment. T-cell differentiation is a complex process comprising four defined developmental stages: activation of particular cytokine genes, commitment of the cells, silencing of the opposing cytokine genes, and stabilization of the phenotype. In each of these stages, the cells respond to the productsof many signaling cascades from many membrane-bound receptors. The stages in development are mediated by different molecular mechanisms, involving control of gene expression and chromatin remodeling. This review centers on the factors, cellular interactions, and molecular mechanisms involved in the maturation of naive CD4(+) T lymphocytes into fully effector cells.
机译：当激活时,CD4 (+) T细胞分化成两个主要的不同的群体分泌细胞因子的概要文件。细胞分泌2、IFNgamma TNFbeta和调节细胞免疫反应。TH2细胞分泌il - 4、IL-5、il - 6、il - 10IL-13和体液反应加强。依赖于任何特定的免疫反应的性质抗原递呈细胞和T之间的交互细胞。应对免疫挑战的本质信号CD4 (+) T细胞的分化。许多因素参与效应表型的T cells-nature和亲和力的抗原,共受体信号和细胞因子环境。过程包括四个定义的发展阶段:激活特定细胞因子的基因,承诺的细胞,沉默反对细胞因子基因,和稳定的表现型。应对productsof许多信号级联从许多膜结合受体。发展是由不同的分子机制,涉及基因表达的控制和染色质重塑。的因素,细胞间的相互作用,分子机制成熟的幼稚CD4 (+) T淋巴细胞为效应细胞。

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