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Innovation by Design: Impact and Effectiveness of Public Support for Business Innovation

机译：创新设计:和有效性的影响公众对企业创新的支持

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As the 21st century unfolds, there is a growing recognition that the competitive global landscape is altering the context within which government support for innovation programs should be assessed. This monograph explores a number of conceptual and policy design issues relevant for the adoption of innovation policies. It reviews some of the conceptual frameworks used in leading industrial economies, as well as some countries that have experienced more rapid innovation-based (RIB) economic development. The monograph examines the program models that exist for the design and implementation of government support of business innovation at different jurisdictional levels. It places this examination within the context of two broad approaches found in the literature, the traditional neoclassical approach and more recent evolutionary approaches. The monograph explores the existing evidence on the impact of a range of policy instruments, drawing upon several recent reviews of both the academic and more policy-oriented literature. It situates this review in the context of a discussion of the shift in focus from research to technology development to innovation-based policies over the course of the postwar period. It asks what value the "policy mixes" approach adds to our understanding of the design and implementation of government programs for the support of business innovation. Finally, it addresses the question of how the introduction of innovation programs within a federal system complicates the evaluation of their impact and creates a need for greater policy alignment. In this respect, it asks what value the multilevel governance perspective, developed initially in the EU, but adopted in other countries, contributes to our understanding of how the effectiveness of policies is supported or constrained by the behaviour of other actors within a multilevel governance system.
机译：随着21世纪的展开,越来越多认识到,竞争的全球格局改变政府的环境中吗应该支持创新项目评估。相关的概念和政策设计问题采用创新的政策。主要使用的一些概念框架工业经济,以及一些国家经历了更多的创新型快速(肋)经济发展。探讨了存在的程序模型设计和实现的政府的支持在不同的业务创新司法水平。两大类方法的上下文中找到在文献中,传统的新古典主义方法和最近的进化方法。该论文探讨了现有的证据一系列政策工具的影响,利用最近的一些评论的学术和文学更多的政策性。水平的上下文中综述讨论的重点从研究的转变科技发展对创新型在战后时期的政策。它要求什么价值”政策混合”的方法增加了我们对设计的理解实现的政府项目支持的业务创新。地址如何引入的问题在联邦制度创新项目和复杂的评价的影响创建一个更大的政策调整的必要性。这方面,它要求多层次的价值治理的角度来看,最初的开发欧盟,但通过在其他国家,有助于我们的理解的政策支持或的有效性受到其他演员的行为在一个多层治理系统。

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