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首页> 外文期刊>Annals of xcience and technology policy >In Search of Evidence-based Science Policy: From the Endless Frontier to SciSIP
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In Search of Evidence-based Science Policy: From the Endless Frontier to SciSIP

机译：寻找循证科学政策:从SciSIP无休止的边界

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The federal government invests billions of dollars every year in scientific research. How to allocate this money among fields, institutions, researchers, and projects; how to nurture the talent needed to conduct research at the frontiers of science; how to assess the results of research; and how to translate those results into useful products and services - answering these questions and others are the jobs of science and innovation policy. In a 2005 speech, presidential science adviser John H. Mar- burger III suggested that the science policy community was not equipped with tools for such jobs and challenged it to "grow up, and quickly" so it could provide useful guides to action in our "global, technology-based society." Growing up has meant becoming more empirical, evidence-based, and, in many instances, quantitative. This paper tracks the evolution of U.S. science policy research largely as it has been conducted in universities and supported by the National Science Foundation, from its beginnings in the early 1960s to the present time, from reliance on expert opinion to more systematic, empirical studies. It examines how a community developed, the growth and decline of federal support, the emergence of the SciSIP (Science of Science and Innovation Policy) program and the ways in which that program has fostered new approaches to science policy. It concludes that the tools and data sets being created by program researchers can have significant impacts on policy, not just in science and technology, but in other fields as well.
机译：联邦政府投资数十亿美元每年在科学研究。领域,机构之间分配这些钱,研究人员和项目;人才需要进行研究前沿的科学;的研究;为有用的产品和服务——回答这些问题和其他的工作科学和创新政策。总统科学顾问约翰·h·马尔——汉堡第三建议科学政策社区这样的工作,没有配备工具向它挑战”迅速成长,“所以它我们可以提供有用的指导行动“全球,基于技术的社会。”意味着越来越经验,以证据为基础的,在许多情况下,定量的。美国科学政策研究很大程度上在大学和支持美国国家科学基金会,从它开始在1960年代初到现在时间,从依赖专家意见系统的实证研究。社区发展,增长和下降联邦政府的支持,SciSIP的出现(科学的科学和创新政策)项目和计划的方式培养科学政策的新方法。得出结论:工具和数据集由计划人员显著影响政策,不仅在科学和技术,但在其他领域好。

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