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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, A. Space Physics: JGR >Statistical study of O~+ transport from the cusp to the lobes with Cluster CODIF data
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Statistical study of O~+ transport from the cusp to the lobes with Cluster CODIF data

机译：统计研究O ~ +运输的尖端叶的集群CODIF数据

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摘要

Ionospheric origin O~+ accelerated in the cusp/cleft region convects over the polar cap and flows along open field lines to the tail lobes. Some O~+ in the lobes enters the near-Earth plasma sheet where it is then convected to the inner magnetosphere, while some O~+ ends up in the distant tail where it is lost. In order to understand the transport of ionospheric O~+ to the plasma sheet so as to understand its contribution to the formation of geomagnetic storms, we have determined the occurrence frequency of cusp source O~+ over the polar caps and in the lobes to determine where and when it is observed. The results show that the probability of observing O~+ along the transport path is high even during nonstorm times, although, as expected, the highest probability is found during storm times. It was also found that when interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) By is positive, O~+ from the northern cusp/cleft tends to stream toward the dawnside tail lobe while O~+ from the south are observed on the duskside. The transport path for negative IMF By is more symmetric, but shows some evidence for a reversed asymmetry when IMF By is strongly negative. IMF B_Z has little influence on the asymmetry. The asymmetry for positive By and lack of mirror symmetry between positive and negative By most likely result from the combination of convection driven by the solar wind and coupling with the ionosphere. Similar asymmetries have been observed in the convection patterns over the polar caps, which are attributed to a day-night ionospheric conductivity gradient adding to the IMF By effect. However, there are some disagreements between the asymmetries observed in polar cap potential patterns and the asymmetries observed in the O+ spatial distribution, indicating there may be other causes for the symmetry breaking, in addition to the day-night conductivity gradient.
机译：电离层起源O ~ +加速尖端/裂极冠和地区借对流传热流沿着开放电场线尾叶。一些O ~ +叶进入近地等离子体片然后迁移内磁层,而一些O ~ +结束遥远的尾巴了。了解电离层O ~ +的运输等离子体表,了解它对地磁的形成的贡献风暴,我们已经确定发生尖端的频率源O ~ +在极地冰冠和叶来决定何时何地是观察到的。沿着交通观察O ~ +的概率路径是高甚至nonstorm时期,尽管如此,正如所料,概率是最高的发现风暴时期。当行星际磁场(IMF)积极,O ~ +北部尖端/裂缝往往向dawnside尾叶而流O ~ +从南方duskside上观察到。运输路径-国际货币基金组织(IMF)的更多为扭转对称的,但显示了一些证据不对称时,国际货币基金组织的强烈负面的。说是几乎没有影响的不对称。不对称和缺乏积极的镜子对称最积极的和消极的可能由于对流的结合由太阳风和耦合驱动的电离层。观察在对流模式极地冰冠,归因于一个昼夜电离层电导率梯度增加国际货币基金组织(IMF)的效果。不对称观察之间的分歧极冠潜在的模式和不对称观察到O +空间分布,指示可能还有其他原因对称破坏,除了昼夜导电率梯度。

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