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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of climate change >Groundwater Memories of Past Climate Change—Examples from India and the Nordic Countries
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Groundwater Memories of Past Climate Change—Examples from India and the Nordic Countries

机译：地下水的记忆过去的气候Change-Examples来自印度和北欧国家

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摘要

The last glacial period can be identified in groundwater globally in hydrochemistry and groundwater turnover. To illustrate this, three examples representing very different conditions are presented here, two from India and one from the Nordic countries. The last glacial period resulted in a 125 m lowering of the sea level below present level and the return to the same level within a relatively short geological time span. The low sea water level at Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) induced, in combination with variations in the SW monsoon, recharge of coastal aquifers here exemplified by the Tertiary aquifers in Kerala. The sea level lowering before LGM and its rapid subsequent recovery after LGM has caused different sedimentation conditions resulting in more oxidised Pleistocene sediments compared to Holocene sediments. This has affected the redox conditions and resulted in mobilisation of arsenic in groundwater in the Holocene strata notably in the Bengal delta and upstreams in the Ganga valley. In the Nordic countries there was a 2.0-2.5 km high load of ice on the land. The result of the melting is seen in land uplift, which is still active to this day. The connections between the Baltic Sea and the ocean via the North Sea has varied during the postglacial period resulting in brackish and fresh water conditions making their imprint in the hydrochemistry and turnover of the groundwater. A common feature is seen from both regions in the form of the Na-HCO3 type of groundwater formed during fresh water flushing of a formerly saline aquifer. Along some shorelines there are reducing environment similar to those in India but the main manifestation is acid drainage as a result of slow land uplift and drainage for agriculture.
机译：最后一个冰河时期可以被识别在全球地下水水化学和地下水流动。例子代表不同的条件提出了在这里,两个来自印度和一个来自哪里北欧国家。导致了海平面的125降低低于目前的水平和返回相同的在相对较短的地质时间内水平跨度。最大高强)诱导,结合西南季风的变化,沿海的充电以第三含水层在喀拉拉邦含水层。LGM及其快速LGM后随后的复苏引起了不同的沉积条件导致更多的氧化更新世沉积物而全新世沉积物。氧化还原条件和导致动员砷在地下水的全新世地层特别是在孟加拉三角洲和上游恒河山谷。2.0 - -2.5公里高负载的冰在陆地上。融化的结果在土地隆起,仍然是活跃的。波罗的海和海洋之间的连接通过北海时不同冰后期导致咸水和淡水条件让他们的印记的水化学和营业额地下水。地区的Na-HCO3类型的形式地下水中形成淡水冲洗一个以前盐碱含水层。有减少环境类似在印度,但主要表现是酸排水系统由于土地隆起和缓慢为农业排水。

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