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首页> 外文期刊>Archives of Internal Medicine >Exceptional longevity in men: modifiable factors associated with survival and function to age 90 years.
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Exceptional longevity in men: modifiable factors associated with survival and function to age 90 years.

机译：长寿的男人:修改的因素与生存相关和函数到90岁年。

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BACKGROUND: Prospective data on nongenetic determinants of exceptional longevity are limited, and information on long-lived men and their functional status is particularly sparse. We examined modifiable factors associated with a life span of 90 or more years and late-life function in men. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study of 2357 healthy men (mean age, 72 years) within the Physicians' Health Study (1981-2006), biological and lifestyle factors and comorbid conditions were assessed by self-report with baseline and annual questionnaires. Mortality and incidence of major diseases were confirmed by medical record review. Late-life function was assessed 16 years after baseline by the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey. RESULTS: A total of 970 men (41%) survived to at least age 90 years. Smoking was associated with increased risk of mortality before age 90 years (hazard ratio [HR]; 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75-2.51), and similar associations were observed with diabetes(HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.52-2.26), obesity (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.10-1.90), and hypertension (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.15-1.43). Regular exercise was associated with a nearly 30% lower mortality risk (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.62-0.83). The probability of a 90-year life span at age 70 years was 54% in the absence of smoking, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, or sedentary lifestyle. It ranged from 36% to 22% with 2 adverse factors and was negligible (4%) with 5. Compared with nonsurvivors, men with exceptional longevity had a healthier lifestyle (67% vs 53% had
机译：背景:前瞻性nongenetic数据长寿的决定因素有限,长寿的男人和信息他们的功能状态是特别稀少。我们检查了修改的因素有关90年或更久的寿命和老年男性功能。队列研究的2357名健康男性(平均年龄,72年年)在医师健康研究(1981 - 2006)、生物和生活方式因素共病情况被自我评估与基线和年度问卷调查。主要疾病死亡率和发病率证实了病历审查。函数评估基线16年之后医学研究结果36-Item短小精悍健康调查。活到至少90岁。与死亡率的风险增加有关在90岁之前(危险比[HR];可信区间(CI), 1.75 - -2.51),以及类似的协会观察糖尿病患者(人力资源,1.86;CI, 1.10 - -1.90)和高血压(HR 1.28;CI, 1.15 - -1.43)。近30%的死亡率较低(HR 0.72;95%可信区间,0.62 - -0.83)。寿命在70岁没有54%吸烟,糖尿病,肥胖,高血压,或久坐不动的生活方式。2不利因素是微不足道的(4%)与5。长寿健康的生活方式(67% vs 53% <或= 1有害因素),有一个降低慢性疾病的发病率,3在疾病发作5岁。更好的老年身体功能(+ / - SD的意思分数(最高100),73 + / - 23 vs 62 + / - 30;措施)和心理健康(平均评分,84 + / -14 vs 81 + / - 17;认为他们的老年健康优秀的或非常好,不到8% (vs 22%)公平或报道健康状况不佳(P <趋势的措施)。锻炼与显著相关其次吸烟和肥胖明显worse-late-life物理功能。吸烟也与显著相关衰减在心理功能。修改在早期老年健康行为年,包括吸烟禁欲,重量管理、控制血压和常规运动,不仅与增强相关联寿命与身体健康,男人也是函数在老年。

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