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Modelling discharge through artesian springs based on a high-resolution piezometric network

机译：通过基于承压弹簧模拟放电在一个高分辨率测压的网络

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摘要

Artesian springs are localized aquifer outlets that originate when pressurized ground water is allowed to rise to the surface. Computing artesian discharge directly is often subject to practical difficulties such as restricted accessibility, abundant vegetation or slow flow rates. These circumstances call for indirect approaches to quantify flow. This paper presents a method to estimate ground water discharge through an upwelling spring by means of a three-layer steady-state groundwater flow model. Model inputs include on-site measurements of vertical sediment permeability, sediment temperatures and hydraulic gradients. About 70 spring bed piezometers were used to carry out permeability tests within the spring sediments, as well as to quantify the hydraulic head at different depths below the discharge point. Sediment temperatures were measured at different depths and correlated to permeabilities in order to demonstrate the potential of temperature as a substitute for cumbersome slug tests. Results show that the spatial distribution of discharge through the spring bottom is highly heterogeneous, as sediment permeability varies by several orders of magnitude within centimetres. Sensitivity analyses imply that geostatistical interpolation is irrelevant to the results if field datasets come from a sufficiently high resolution of piezometric records. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：承压弹簧局部含水层加压时来自地下水允许上升到表面。自流排水直接往往是受限制等实际困难可访问性,丰富的植被或缓慢流动利率。方法量化流。一个方法来估计地面排水通过一个spring的上升流三层地下水稳态流模型。模型的输入包括现场测量垂直沉积渗透率、沉积物温度和水力梯度。弹簧床压强计被用来执行在春季沉积物渗透测试,以及量化的水头以下不同深度放电点。沉积温度测量在不同深度和渗透率的相关温度作为一个演示的潜力代替繁琐的段塞测试。表明,放电的空间分布穿过春天的底部是高度异构,沉积物磁导率变化在厘米好几个数量级。敏感性分析暗示地质统计学插值结果如果是无关紧要的领域数据集来自一个足够高解决水压记录。2013年约翰·威利& Sons有限公司

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