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Achieving higher production from low inputs using synergistic crop interactions under maize-based polyculture systems

机译：实现更高的生产从低投入使用协同作物在玉蜀黍类交互polyculture系统

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Abstract Modern monoculture oriented intensive maize cultivation is facing multiple biotic and abiotic stresses and various soil fertility linked issues, which compels to adopt sustainable approaches to deal with these yield limiting factors. On the other hand, simultaneous cultivation of two or more plant species in same plot, i.e. polyculture, provides eco-friendly and cost-effective insurance against crop failures in the adverse situations. In addition, maize-based intercropping systems provide better overall yields and monetary returns, diversify the agriculture produce, suppress biotic pressures (weed, pest and disease), improve soil fertility, conserve soil and water and also enhance fodder yield and quality. By providing increased pest control, trap/border crops can be low-cost and environment-friendly option for biotic stress management particularly in organic production systems. Moreover, agroforestry in maize systems enhances the soil fertility and soil carbon status, improves stress resilience and can help in climate change mitigation. However, the success of polyculture depends on environmental factors, compatibility among companion crops and their planting patterns. Co-culture of two different kinds of crops need different sets of skills and some extra efforts, especially during planting and harvesting. Further, intercropping is not much friendly with seed-to-seed mechanization and also put restrictions on chemical weed control, which hinders its adoption in intensive cropping systems. The present review highlights the role of maize-based polyculture?systems in enhancing the land productivity and addressing the biotic and abiotic stresses while reducing input-use.Graphical abstract
机译：摘要现代面向单一的强化玉米栽培面临多种生物和非生物压力和各种土壤肥力有关问题,这迫使采取可持续的方法来处理这些产量限制的因素。培养相同的两个或两个以上的植物物种情节,即polyculture,提供环保和具有成本效益的保险对农作物歉收的不利情况。间作系统提供更好的整体收益和货币回报,多样化农业生产、抑制生物压力(杂草、害虫和疾病),提高土壤肥力,保护水土,也提高饲料产量和品质。控制/边界作物可以低成本和陷阱环保生物的选择压力特别是在有机生产管理系统。提高土壤肥力和土壤碳状态,提高压力弹性和可以帮助在减缓气候变化。polyculture的成功取决于环境因素,同伴作物之间的兼容性,以及他们的种植模式。不同种类的作物需要不同的技能和一些额外的努力,特别是在种植和收割。和seed-to-seed不大友好吗机械化和限制化学除草,阻碍了其应用在密集的种植制度。强调玉蜀黍类的角色polyculture吗?生产力和解决生物非生物压力同时减少投入使用。

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