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Mycoremediation of environmental pollutants: a review with special emphasis on mushrooms

机译：环境污染物的微娇技术:一个审查特别强调蘑菇

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Abstract Three decades ago, when the historic earth summit commenced at Rio de Janeiro, Nation-states sought to find ways to stop polluting the planet, however, the problem of pollution not only persisted but also aggravated day by day. Pollution thus, has become a universal challenge that is inducing climate change, threatening biodiversity and taking a toll on millions of lives every year. Among many pollutants, a significant proportion is contributed by many malicious and hazardous compounds such as heavy metals, xenobiotics, pesticides, hydrocarbons, and dyes which are being remitted through industries. Various chemical and physical processes as well as state of art technologies are being utilized to tackle this issue though they are not effective to the desired extent. However, what has been so difficult for men has been carried out by fungi for ages via mycoremediation—an aspect of bioremediation that utilizes fungi to remove toxic pollutants sustainably. One group of such fungus belonging to Basidiomycota are mushrooms used in haute cuisine worldwide due to their richness in flavor and nutrients but their enzymatic and non-enzymatic machinery aid in the field of remediation of pollutants. Mushroom serves as a better decomposer since mushroom fruiting body, mycelium, and its extracellular enzymes obliterate hazardous pollutants through different methods. This review emphasizes the mechanism of mycoremediation used by mushrooms such as bioaccumulation, biosorption, and bioconversion, and also discusses the role of different environmental factors affecting mycoremediation.Graphic abstract
机译：抽象的30年前,当历史在里约热内卢地球峰会开始,民族国家试图找到方法来停止然而,污染地球的问题污染不仅坚持但也加剧日复一日。普遍导致气候的挑战改变,威胁生物多样性和服用每年造成数百万人的生命。污染物,很大一部分是由许多恶意和危险化合物如重金属、外源性物质,农药、碳氢化合物,和染料通过行业被免除。化学和物理过程,以及状态艺术的技术被用来解决这个问题虽然他们并不有效期望的程度。困难的男性进行了真菌通过mycoremediation-an方面多年生物修复,利用真菌去除有毒污染物可持续。真菌属于担子是蘑菇用于高级烹饪全球由于他们但是他们的丰富的风味和营养酶和non-enzymatic机械援助的污染物的修复领域。作为一个更好的分解器因为蘑菇子实体、菌丝体及其细胞外酶消除有害污染物不同的方法。用蘑菇微娇技术机制如生物体内积累、吸附和生物转化,也讨论的角色不同环境因素影响此类“茵核降解”。

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