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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of cellular physiology. >Role of autophagy in follicular development and maintenance of primordial follicular pool in the ovary
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Role of autophagy in follicular development and maintenance of primordial follicular pool in the ovary

机译：自噬在卵泡发育的作用维护的原始卵泡池卵巢

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Abstract The reproductive life span of the organism mainly depends on follicular development that maintains the primordial follicle pool in the cohort of follicles within the ovary. The total count of primordial follicles decreases with age due to ovulation and follicular atresia. Follicular atresia, a process of ovarian follicles degradation, mainly occurs via apoptosis, but recent studies also favor autophagy existence. Autophagy is a cellular and energy homeostatic response that helps to maintain the number of healthy primordial follicles, germ cell survival, and removal of corpus luteum remnants. But the excessive autophagic cell death changes both the quality and quantity of oocytes that ultimately affect female reproductive health. Autophagy regulation occurs by various autophagy‐regulated genes like BECN1 and LC3‐II (autophagy marker genes). Their abnormal regulation or mutation highly influences follicular development by alteration of primordial follicles formation, the decline in oocytes count, and germ cell loss. Various classical signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK/ERK1/2, AMPK, and IRE1 are involved in granulosa and oocytes autophagy, while mTOR signaling is the primary mechanism. Along with basal level autophagy, chemical/hormone/stress‐mediated autophagy also affects follicular development and female reproduction. In this review, we have primarily focused on granulosa cell and oocytes' autophagy, mechanism, and the role of autophagy determining marker genes in follicular development.
机译：抽象的生殖寿命生物发展主要取决于滤泡保持原始卵泡池卵巢中卵泡的队列。原始卵泡的总数量减少随着年龄的增长,由于排卵,卵泡闭锁。卵泡闭锁,一个卵巢的过程毛囊退化,主要通过发生细胞凋亡,但最近的研究也有利自噬的存在。这有助于能量稳态响应保持健康的原始的数量毛囊、生殖细胞生存和删除黄体的残骸。自噬细胞死亡质量变化卵母细胞的数量和最终影响女性生殖健康。发生,各种自噬的调节基因BECN1和LC3 II(自噬基因标记)。异常的监管或突变高度的影响卵泡发育的改变原始卵泡形成的下降卵母细胞计数,生殖细胞损失。经典信号通路等PI3K / AKT / mTOR MAPK / ERK1/2, AMPK, IRE1参与颗粒和卵母细胞自噬,虽然mTOR信号是主要的机制。随着基础水平自噬,化学/激素/应力介导的自噬也影响卵泡发育和女性繁殖。专注于颗粒细胞和卵母细胞的自噬,机制,自噬的作用决定标记基因在卵泡发育。

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