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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of cellular physiology. >Polycomb repressive complex 1: Regulators of neurogenesis from embryonic to adult stage
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Polycomb repressive complex 1: Regulators of neurogenesis from embryonic to adult stage

机译：Polycomb压制复杂1:监管机构神经发生从胚胎到成人阶段

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Development of vertebrate nervous system is a complex process which involves differential gene expression and disruptions in this process or in the mature brain, may lead to neurological disorders and diseases. Extensive work that spanned several decades using rodent models and recent work on stem cells have helped uncover the intricate process of neuronal differentiation and maturation. There are various morphological changes, genetic and epigenetic modifications which occur during normal mammalian neural development, one of the chromatin modifications that controls vital gene expression are the posttranslational modifications on histone proteins, that controls accessibility of translational machinery. Among the histone modifiers, polycomb group proteins (PcGs), such as Ezh2, Eed and Suzl2 form large protein complexes—polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2); while Ringlb and Bmil proteins form core of PRC1 along with accessory proteins such as Cbx, Hph, Rybp and Pcgfs catalyse histone modifications such as H3K27me3 and H2AK119ubl. PRC1 proteins are known to play critical role in X chromosome inactivation in females but they also repress the expression of key developmental genes and tightly regulate the mammalian neuronal development. In this review we have discussed the signalling pathways, morphogens and nuclear factors that initiate, regulate and maintain cells of the nervous system. Further, we have extensively reviewed the recent literature on the role of Ringlb and Bmil in mammalian neuronal development and differentiation; as well as highlighted questions that are still unanswered.
机译：脊椎动物的神经系统是一个发展复杂的过程,涉及到微分基因在这一过程中表达和中断或成熟的大脑,可能导致神经疾病和疾病。使用啮齿动物模型和跨越几十年最近的工作在干细胞帮助揭开神经分化的复杂过程成熟。变化,遗传和表观遗传修饰这发生在正常哺乳动物神经发展,染色质的修改控制基因表达是至关重要在组蛋白转译后的修改蛋白质,控制的可访问性平移机械。修饰符,polycomb组蛋白(pcg)Ezh2,速度和Suzl2形成大的蛋白质complexes-polycomb压制复杂2 (PRC2);而Ringlb和Bmil蛋白质形式PRC1的核心随着辅助蛋白质如Cbx Hph,Rybp and Pcgfs catalyse histone modificationsH3K27me3和H2AK119ubl等。扮演着至关重要的作用在X染色体吗失活的女性但他们也压制主要发育基因的表达和紧密调节哺乳动物神经发展。本文讨论了信号途径,形态因子和核的因素启动、调节和维持细胞神经系统回顾了最近文献的作用Ringlb和Bmil哺乳动物神经发展和分化;的问题仍悬而未决。

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