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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cellular Physiology >Regulation of RhoA GTPase and various transcription factors in the RhoA pathway
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Regulation of RhoA GTPase and various transcription factors in the RhoA pathway

机译：RhoA GTPase和各种监管转录因子在RhoA途径

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摘要

RhoA GTPase plays a variety of functions in regulation of cytoskeletal proteins, cellular morphology, and migration along with various proliferation and transcriptional activity in cells. RhoA activity is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), and the guanine nucleotide dissociation factor (GDI). The RhoA‐RhoGDI complex exists in the cytosol and the active GTP‐bound form of RhoA is located to the membrane. GDI displacement factors (GDFs) including IκB kinase γ (IKKγ) dissociate the RhoA‐GDI complex, allowing activation of RhoA through GEFs. In addition, modifications of Tyr42 phosphorylation and Cys16/20 oxidation in RhoA and Tyr156 phosphorylation and oxidation of RhoGDI promote the dissociation of the RhoA‐RhoGDI complex. The expression of RhoA is regulated through transcriptional factors such as c‐Myc, HIF‐1α/2α, Stat 6, and NF‐κB along with several reported microRNAs. As the role of RhoA in regulating actin‐filament formation and myosin‐actin interaction has been well described, in this review we focus on the transcriptional activity of RhoA and also the regulation of RhoA message itself. Of interest, in the cytosol, activated RhoA induces transcriptional changes through filamentous actin (F‐actin)‐dependent (“actin switch”) or—independent means. RhoA regulates the activity of several transcription regulators such as serum response factor (SRF)/MAL, AP‐1, NF‐κB, YAP/TAZ, β‐catenin, and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‐1α. Interestingly, RhoA also itself is localized to the nucleus by an as‐yet‐undiscovered mechanism.
机译：RhoA GTPase扮演着各种各样的功能调节细胞骨架蛋白,细胞随着各种形态、和迁移核扩散和转录活动细胞。核苷酸交换因素(gef), GTPase激活蛋白(差距),鸟嘌呤核苷酸离解系数(GDI)。RhoA RhoGDI复杂存在于胞质和活动三磷酸鸟苷量RhoA位于绑定的形式膜。包括我κB激酶γ(IKKγ)分离RhoA RhoA GDI应承担的复杂,允许激活gef。磷酸化和RhoA Cys16/20氧化Tyr156磷酸化和氧化RhoGDI促进的离解RhoA RhoGDI复杂。通过转录监管等因素c‐发现并,HIF‐1α- 2‐时,α,统计6和NFκB一起跟着几个小分子核糖核酸。在调节肌动蛋白丝形成和肌凝蛋白所致肌动蛋白相互作用已被描述,在本文我们集中在转录活动RhoA RhoA的规定消息本身。激活RhoA诱发转录变化通过丝状肌动蛋白(F肌动蛋白)应承担的依赖(“肌动蛋白开关”)或独立的意思。调节几个转录的活动监管机构如血清反应的因素商场(SRF) / AP‐1,NF‐κB,是的-塔兹,β‐catenin,和缺氧诱导因子(HIF) 1α。RhoA本身是本地化的细胞核一个是还未被发现的应承担的机制。

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