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首页> 外文期刊>Aquaculture >Osmoregulation in decapod crustaceans: implications to aquaculture productivity, methods for potential improvement and interactions with elevated ammonia exposure
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Osmoregulation in decapod crustaceans: implications to aquaculture productivity, methods for potential improvement and interactions with elevated ammonia exposure

机译：十足纲甲壳动物的渗透调节：对水产养殖生产率的影响，潜在的改善方法以及与氨暴露量增加的相互作用

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Osmoregulation is an essential physiological process for the majority of aquatic crustaceans since it enables them to cope with the changes/discrepancies between the ion concentrations within their bodies and the aquatic environments they inhabit. With the exception of strict osmoconformers, crustaceans living in all aquatic environments continually regulate their hemolymph osmolytes and ultimately, the strategy and strength of this process dictate the diversity of habitats a crustacean can successfully occupy. While the degree of the osmoregulatory response is largely salinity dependent, the actual strength is highly species-specific. This has obvious and significant implications to the crustacean aquaculture industry, a multi-billion dollar industry that is continuously growing worldwide. Unfortunately, to date, a comprehensive review discussing the implications of this crucial process in crustaceans from an aquaculture perspective is lacking. Since crustacean aquaculture is almost exclusively based on large decapods, which also forms the main body of literature, they will therefore be the main focus of review. With basic background information on the regulatory mechanisms briefly described as a foundation for necessary knowledge, the implications of increased osmoregulatory demands to crustacean aquaculture is discussed extensively based on recent literature and research conducted in our laboratory. This includes the various factors that may influence osmoregulatory abilities, the causes leading to reduced productivity at sub-optimal salinities, potential methods that may broaden tolerable salinity ranges and how osmoregulation may interact with another important physiological process, i.e. ammonia excretion, which is crucial for cultured crustaceans. At the end of the review, future research directions are suggested to advance our understanding regarding this complex process that could substantially affect crustacean aquaculture productivity. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：渗透调节是大多数水生甲壳类动物必不可少的生理过程，因为它使它们能够应对体内离子浓度与所居住水生环境之间的变化/差异。除了严格的渗透压适形者外，生活在所有水生环境中的甲壳动物不断调节其血液淋巴渗透物，最终，这一过程的策略和强度决定了甲壳动物可以成功占据的栖息地的多样性。虽然渗透调节反应的程度在很大程度上取决于盐度，但实际强度是高度特定于物种的。这对甲壳类水产养殖业具有明显而重大的意义，这是一个价值数十亿美元的产业，在世界范围内持续增长。不幸的是，迄今为止，缺乏从水产养殖角度讨论这一关键过程对甲壳类动物的影响的全面综述。由于甲壳类水产养殖几乎完全基于大型十足鱼类，这也是文献的主要内容，因此，它们将成为审查的主要重点。简要介绍了有关调节机制的基本背景信息，作为必要知识的基础，根据最近在实验室进行的文献研究，对渗透调节剂需求的增加对甲壳类水产养殖的影响进行了广泛讨论。这包括可能影响渗透调节能力的各种因素，导致在次佳盐度下生产力降低的原因，可能扩大可耐受盐度范围的潜在方法以及渗透调节如何与另一个重要的生理过程（例如氨气排泄）相互作用，这对于培养的甲壳类动物。在审查结束时，建议未来的研究方向，以加深我们对这一可能严重影响甲壳类水产养殖生产率的复杂过程的理解。 （C）2011 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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