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Toxic metals in oil sands: review of human health implications, environmental impact, and potential remediation using membrane-based approach

机译：有毒金属在油砂:回顾人类健康影响、环境影响和潜力使用膜基方法补救

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摘要

The upsurge in energy needs is the primary influencing factor for the shift of attention from conventional hydrocarbon resources to unconventional resources. In the process of exploiting unconventional oil resources such as oil sands, priority pollutants such as heavy metals are released into the environment. Thus, there are health and environmental risks associated with exploration and mining practices. This study seeks to present an overview of the health and environmental effects of these toxic metals in oil sands. Predominantly, the sources of these pollutants in oil sands are biogenic processes and weathering of source rocks. The toxicity of metals is dependent upon the nature of the metals as well as its affinity to bond with the silicate matrix. The consumption of plants and water from rivers, lakes, and streams with proximity to oil sand deposits could pose severe health risks to consumers, as significant amounts of Hg and other toxic metals are leached during oil recovery and other developmental processes. This review pointed to the use of membrane-based processes and other integrated approaches as vital remediation strategies employed for the restoration of resources to their pristine state and metal recovery. It is recommended that exploration practices and technologies should be improved towards the reduction of on-site metal pollution or off-site metallic contamination during refining or waste management.
机译：高涨的能源需求是主要的注意力的转移的影响因素从传统的油气资源非常规的资源。利用等非常规石油资源油砂优先污染物,如重金属被排放到环境中。健康和环境风险与勘探和开采实践。本研究旨在呈现的概述这些有毒的健康和环境的影响金属在油砂。油砂这些污染物的生物流程和烃源岩的风化。金属毒性依赖于自然金属及其关联的键与硅酸盐矩阵。植物和水从河流、湖泊和溪流与接近油砂存款可能带来严重的健康风险,消费者,意义重大大量的汞和其他有毒金属淋溶在采油和其他发展流程。膜基流程和其它集成方法是至关重要的补救策略用于恢复资源他们的原始状态和金属复苏。建议实践和探索技术应该改进的减少现场金属污染或非现场金属污染在炼油或浪费管理。

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