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Instruments and methods for measuring the backward-scattering coefficient of ocean waters

机译：测量海水向后散射系数的仪器和方法

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The backward-scattering coefficient b↓(b) is an important optical property that plays a central role in studies of ocean-color remote sensing, suspended particle distributions, water clarity, and underwater visibility. We investigate the fixed-angle backscattering sensor approach for the application of measuring b↓(b), Analysis shows that the sensor response to volume scattering can be expressed as the integral of the volume scattering function (VSF) over the backward angles (90-180°) weighted by the sensor-response function. We present a procedure for determining the sensor-response function that contains all the information necessary to calibrate the sensor fully to measure the VSF at a nominal backscattering angle. It is shown that, for fixed-angle backscattering sensors, b↓(b) is most accurately estimated when the sensor-response function covers the middle range of backscattering angles, roughly 110-160°, where the shape of the VSF has the least variability. Backscattering at and near the end angles, namely, 90° and 180°, are least correlated with b↓(b). We describe a variety of spectral backscattering sensors that we have developed, and we present their sensor-response functions. # 1997 Optical Society of America
机译：后向散射系数b↓（b）是重要的光学特性，在海洋彩色遥感，悬浮颗粒分布，水的清晰度和水下可见性的研究中起着核心作用。我们研究了固定角向后散射传感器方法在测量b↓（b）中的应用，分析表明，传感器对体积散射的响应可以表示为向后角（90-90°）上体积散射函数（VSF）的积分。 180°）通过传感器响应功能加权。我们介绍了一种确定传感器响应功能的过程，该过程包含了校准传感器以在标称反向散射角下测量VSF所需的全部信息。结果表明，对于固定角后向散射传感器，当传感器响应功能覆盖后向散射角的中间范围（大约110-160°）时，最准确地估计b↓（b），其中VSF的形状最小变化性。在最终角度（即90°和180°）及其附近的反向散射与b↓（b）的相关性最小。我们描述了我们开发的各种光谱反向散射传感器，并介绍了它们的传感器响应功能。 ＃1997美国眼镜学会

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