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Incorporating higher-order modal measurements in tilt estimation: natural and laser guide star applications

机译：在倾斜估算中纳入高阶模态测量：自然星和激光导星应用

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Tilt compensation performance is generally suboptimal when phase measurements from natural or laser guide stars are used as the conjugate phase in an adaptive optics system. Optimal compensation is obtained when the conjugate-phase coefficients are estimated from beacon measurements, given knowledge of the correlation between the on-axis object phase and the beacon measurements. We apply optimal compensation theory to tilt correction for the case of an off-axis beacon. Because off-axis higher-order modes are correlated with the on-axis tilt components, a performance gain can be realized when the tilt estimator includes higher-order modal measurements. For natural guide star compensation, it is shown that equivalent tilt compensation can be achieved at beacon offsets that are three times larger when higher-order modes through Zernike 15 are used in the tilt estimator. For a laser guide star, although tilt information cannot be measured directly because of beam reciprocity, off-axis higher-order modal measurements can be used to estimate tilt components, leading to a maximum Strehl ratio of approximately 0.3 for the relative aperture diameter D/r(o) = 4 and the relative turbulence outer scale L-o/D = 10. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. [References: 38]
机译：当将自然或激光制导星的相位测量用作自适应光学系统中的共轭相位时，倾斜补偿性能通常不是最佳的。给定轴上物体相位和信标测量值之间的相关性，从信标测量值估计共轭相位系数时，可获得最佳补偿。我们将最佳补偿理论应用于偏轴信标情况下的倾斜校正。由于轴外高阶模式与轴上倾斜分量相关，因此当倾斜估算器包含高阶模态测量值时，可以实现性能提升。对于自然导星补偿，显示出当在倾斜估计器中使用通过Zernike 15的高阶模式时，可以在信标偏移量达到三倍大的情况下实现等效的倾斜补偿。对于激光制导星，尽管由于光束互易性而无法直接测量倾斜信息，但是可以使用离轴高阶模态测量来估算倾斜分量，从而导致相对孔径D /的最大斯特列尔比约为0.3 r（o）= 4，相对湍流外部尺度Lo / D =10。（C）1998年美国光学学会。 [参考：38]

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