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A Comparison of Maternal versus Paternal Nonverbal Behavior During Child Pain

机译：比较的母亲和父亲的语言行为在孩子痛苦

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摘要

Parental behavior plays a significant role in children's pain response. Prior research has found generally no differences between mothers' and fathers' verbal behavior during child pain. This study compared mothers' and fathers' nonverbal behavior during child pain. Nonverbal behavior of mothers (n = 39) and fathers (n = 39) of 39 children (20 boys) aged 8 to 12 years who participated in the cold pressor task (counterbalanced once with each parent) was coded. A range of nonverbal behaviors were coded, including distraction, physical proximity, physical comfort/reassurance, procedure-related attending behavior, and fidgeting. The most common behaviors parents engaged in were fidgeting, procedure-related attending behaviors, and physical proximity. Results indicated that the types of nonverbal behavior parents engage in did not differ between mothers and fathers. However, children of mothers who engaged in more physical comfort/reassurance reported higher levels of pain intensity, and children of mothers who engaged in more procedure-related attending behaviors had lower pain tolerance. Further, both mothers and fathers who engaged in higher levels of verbal nonattending behaviors also engaged in lower levels of nonverbal procedure-related attending behaviors. These findings further support the importance of considering the influence of mothers and fathers in children's pain, and provide novel insights into the role of nonverbal behavior.
机译：父母的行为中起着重要作用孩子的疼痛反应。母亲的发现通常没有区别和父亲的言语行为在孩子的痛苦。本研究相比,母亲和父亲非语言行为在孩子的痛苦。母亲(n = 39)和父亲的行为(n = 39)39岁的孩子(男孩)20日8到12岁参加了冷加压的任务(与每个父抵消一次)编码。包括分心,物理距离,身体舒适/保证,手术参加行为,坐立不安。父母从事共同的行为坐立不安,手术参加行为,和物理距离。非语言行为的父母参与的类型母亲和父亲之间没有差别。然而,母亲从事更多的孩子物理舒适/保证更高的报道疼痛强度、水平和孩子的母亲他从事更多的手术参加吗行为疼痛容忍度较低。母亲和父亲从事更高层次口头nonattending行为也参与低水平的非语言的手术参加的行为。支持考虑的重要性母亲和父亲在儿童的影响疼痛,并提供新颖的洞察的作用非语言行为。

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