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首页> 外文期刊>Human psychopharmacology: clinical and experimental >Nicotine improves antisaccade task performance without affecting prosaccades.
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Nicotine improves antisaccade task performance without affecting prosaccades.

机译：尼古丁可提高人群的任务性能而不影响prosaccades。

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Although there is ample evidence for a cognitive-attentional benefit of the stimulant nicotine, the source of this benefit is not as well understood. One approach is to address what aspects of performance nicotine affects at a functional systems level. It is currently debated whether the benefits produced by nicotine are the effect of enhanced higher cognitive function or reflect an overall increase in general arousal. In order to address this question, the effects of nicotine on two simple eye movement tasks were studied: the saccade (S) and antisaccade (AS) tasks. Because the S and AS tasks utilize identical sensory stimuli (peripheral targets) and require identical motor responses (eye movements) but differ significantly in their cognitive demands, the use of these two tasks should enable a parsing of nicotine effects on cognitive versus sensory-motor processes. In this study, the S and AS tasks were performed by two experimental groups, task naive subjects and highly practised subjects. For the first group, that of the task naive subjects, nicotine gum administration resulted in a decrease in AS errors. For the second group, that of two experienced subjects tested repeatedly over a 3 week period, nicotine also produced a significant decrease in AS task errors, as well as resulting in a significant decrease in AS response times. Neither task naive nor experienced subjects showed any effects of nicotine on the S task. Examining the effects of nicotine on highly controlled and constrained tasks such as the S and AS task may provide another level of insight into the mechanisms underlying the beneficial cognitive effects of nicotine. Copyright 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：尽管有足够的证据认知的兴奋剂尼古丁,这种好处没有的来源很好理解。尼古丁会影响性能的各个方面功能系统的水平。是否由尼古丁的好处增强认知功能或效果反映出整体增加一般兴奋。为了解决这个问题,所带来的影响尼古丁在两个简单的眼球运动任务研究:扫视(S)和人群(如)任务。相同的感官刺激(外围目标)并要求相同的电机(眼睛的反应动作),但在他们的方面有显著的差异认知需求,这两个任务的使用应该使尼古丁影响的解析认知和感觉器官的过程。研究中,S和任务执行的两个实验小组,天真的主题和任务高度熟练的科目。任务的幼稚的话题,尼古丁口香糖政府导致下降错误。经验丰富的主题反复测试3周,尼古丁也产生了显著的减少错误的任务,以及结果在显著减少响应时间。无论是任务天真还是经验丰富的主题显示任何尼古丁对S任务的影响。研究尼古丁对高度的影响控制和约束等任务的年代当任务可以提供另一个层次的洞察力机制的有益的认知尼古丁的影响。约翰•威利& Sons有限公司

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