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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Economic Policy Studies >Estimating economic unfairness in Japan and policies toward fairness
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Estimating economic unfairness in Japan and policies toward fairness

机译：日本经济不公平的估计和公平政策

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Abstract Pre-tax income is affected by non-responsibility factors beyond an individual’s control and responsibility factors beyond an individual’s control; they could be defined as “situational” and “effort” valuables. If decreased pre-tax income derives from factors not attributable to individuals, such decline should be socially compensated. This debate is known as “responsibility-sensitive egalitarian theory”, which has been applied to empirical analysis in economics to identify causes of inequality. A wage gap between men and women has been observed in Japan for a long time; however, the gender variable has rarely been considered. Based on the “responsible egalitarian theory”, we estimate inequality using panel data from the Japanese Community Survey of Living Conditions (2010–2013), focusing on (1) gender and (2) age. This paper conduct three analyses: firstly, this paper estimate labour income using the panel data and examine the effects of situational and effort variables. Secondly, this paper considers how gender, regional differences, and educational achievement differ by using the results to estimate fair income. When we show the fair income difference in terms of the current age group, we find a difference in fair income between men and women and that the deviation from fair income to current income is more considerable for women. Lastly, by constructing a differenced based Lorenz curve, it seems that the type of unfairness differs by gender.
机译：抽象的税前收入的影响non-responsibility超越个人的因素控制和责任之外的一个因素个人的控制;“情境”和“努力”贵重物品。减少税前收入来源于因素归因于个人,这样应该下降被社会补偿。“responsibility-sensitive平等理论”,已应用于实证分析不平等的经济来确定原因。男人和女人之间的工资差距已被观察到在日本很长时间;变量很少被考虑。“负责任的平等理论”,我们估计使用面板数据从日本不平等社会生活条件的调查(2010 - 2013),关注(1)性别和年龄(2)。本文进行三个分析:首先,这个论文使用面板数据估计劳动收入和检查的影响态势和努力变量。性别、地区差异和教育成就不同的结果估计公平收入。当前时代的收入差别组,我们找到一个公平的收入差异男人和女人之间的偏离当前收入公平的收入更多相当大的女性。基于差的洛伦茨曲线,似乎不同类型的不公平的性别。

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