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National incentives

机译：国家激励措施

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Fiscal incentives are a favoured tool of development and industrial policies and have benefited specific regions or industries. Recent austerity measures led to sharp cutbacks in government programmes. The right-wing administration of President Jair Bolsonaro, who entered office in 2019, signalled it might reduce incentives further, particularly via future reforms to the tax regime. However, the coronavirus (covid-19) outbreak in 2020 forced the government to introduce sweeping support measures to help companies amid the ensuing economic crisis. Policymakers deployed large fiscal stimulus for the year (about 8 of GDP) to mitigate these impacts, and a state of emergency approved early in the year by Congress allowed the government to sidestep constitutionally mandated fiscal rules. Many of the initiatives targeted small and medium-sized enterprises as well as vulnerable industries. That same year the Banco Central do Brasil (the central bank) offered two special credit lines with total funding of R3obn to ensure liquidity in the financial system, which were in effect until end-2020. Another programme, which also expired at end-2020, offered smaller companies credit lines to pay worker salaries. Additional tax relief measures have included extensions to deadlines for federal corporate income-tax payments and for social-contribution payments. Only a handful of the pandemic relief initiatives were extended into 2021, as the cash-strapped government moved to scale these back. None of these relief measures were extended into 2022.
机译：财政激励措施的支持工具发展和产业政策,特定的地区或行业中受益。紧缩措施导致大幅裁员政府项目。总统Bolsonaro睚珥在2019年进入办公室,暗示可能会减少进一步激励措施,特别是通过未来改革税收体制。冠状病毒(covid-19)爆发在2020年被迫的政府引入全面的支持帮助公司在随后的措施经济危机。今年的财政刺激计划(约占GDP的8%)减轻这些影响,紧急状态今年年初通过国会允许的政府回避宪法规定的财政规则。有针对性的中小企业脆弱的产业。巴西中央银行(中央银行)提供两个特殊与总信用额度R3obn确保资金的流动性金融体系,实际上直到2020年年底。在2020年年底,规模较小的公司提供信贷线支付工人工资。救济措施包括扩展联邦企业所得税的最后期限支付和社会贡献支付。只有少数大流行的救援行动被延长到2021年,随着资金短缺吗政府规模搬到这些。这些救济措施延长到2022年。

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    《Country Commerce: Brazil》 |2022年第10期|31-38|共8页
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