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WEAPONIZING THE COVID-19 VACCINE: THE GEOPOLITICAL STRUGGLE

机译：将 COVID-19 疫苗武器化：地缘政治斗争

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摘要

As the world continues to navigate a global pandemic that ignores national borders, it is not surprising to find a divide between the interests of vaccine-producing countries-and their entire supply chain networks for intermediates and raw materials - and countries that are primarily reliant on these producers for their vaccine consumption. This paper puts this debate in the context of a multi country strategic game where the major players have been able to produce a vaccine for COVID-19 and control the distribution of the vaccine and all its components. To address this issue of sovereign players, some have raised the possibility of a GATT/ WTO intervention into COVID-19 vaccine sale and distribution. In addition, a legal battle is taking shape over lucrative patent rights for COVID-19 vaccines, with drug companies pitted against each other and government and academic scientists over who invented what. At the heart of the disputes is the billion-dollar question: Who can claim to have invented important elements of the COVID-19 vaccines? In June 2022, the WTO struck deals on a partial patent waiver for COVID-19 vaccines. Most observers believe that this change to the intellectual property rules will have limited impact on actual production for now because a current surplus of vaccines globally means there is little demand among vaccine makers to increase output. The implications are clear. The WTO compromise has allowed the existence of high hurdles for exports of products made under such a license. Given the limited WTO compromise agreement there are several options available to solve the problem of lack of access to the COVID-19 vaccine consuming nations at this stage. First, the US Supreme Court could invalidate each of the pharmaceutical companies' patent requests. Second, individuals could file legal actions designed to disgorge the monopoly revenue of these pharmaceutical companies. If no legal action is taken, along these lines, and the WTO compromise is insufficient to solve the COVID-19 vaccine shortages in the developing world, then the developed countries will be opening the gate to PRC delivery of their COVID-19 vaccine to the entire developing and emerging markets.
机译：随着全球继续全球导航大流行,忽略了国界,它不是惊人的利益之间找到一个鸿沟疫苗生产以及他们的整个供应链网络中间体和原料主要材料——和国家依赖于这些生产商的疫苗消费。一个多国家的战略游戏主要的球员已经能够生产疫苗COVID-19和控制分布疫苗及其所有组件。主权的球员,这个问题有些提高了关贸总协定/世贸组织干预的可能性COVID-19疫苗销售和分销。此外,一场法律战,已初具规模利润丰厚的专利权COVID-19疫苗,与制药公司相互对抗政府和学术科学家谁发明了什么。价值数十亿美元的问题:谁可以宣称发明了COVID-19的重要元素呢疫苗?部分专利放弃COVID-19疫苗。观察人士认为,这种改变知识产权规则将会有限现在因为对实际生产的影响目前全球疫苗意味着的盈余是小需求疫苗生产商增加吗输出。妥协允许高的存在在这样的一个障碍的出口产品许可证。协议有几个选择解决缺乏的问题在这个阶段COVID-19疫苗消费国。首先,美国最高法院可能无效制药公司的专利请求。第二,个人可以文件法律行动旨在吐出的垄断收入这些制药公司。采取行动,沿着这些思路和世贸组织妥协是解决COVID-19不足在发展中国家,疫苗短缺发达国家将开门中华人民共和国的COVID-19疫苗交付整个发展中国家和新兴市场。

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  • 来源
    《Global Economy Journal》 |2022年第2期|1-20|共20页
  • 作者

    JOSEPH PELZMAN; OFRA BAZEL-SHOHAM;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Economics George Washington University Washington, DC, USA;

    Department of Finance Temple University Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, USA;

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  • 正文语种 英语
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